This section provides overview, applications, and principles of liquid level indicators. Also, please take a look at the list of 32 liquid level indicator manufacturers and their company rankings.
A liquid level indicator is a device used to measure the amount of liquid, or in some cases powder, remaining inside a container or tank from the outside. Liquid level indicator is also called level gauges.
Liquid level indicator generally display the remaining amount as a percentage by measuring the position of the boundary between gas and liquid, liquid and liquid, or gas and powder.
Various measurement principles have been developed, including float, tube, and ultrasonic types, depending on the type of liquid or other substance and the conditions of use.
There are liquid level indicator that can be installed in tanks and containers later, and liquid level indicator that can be considered for installation at the time of design and installed directly on the container.
Liquid level indicators are used in a wide range of industries and applications, including chemical plants, oil plants, pharmaceutical plants, food plants, and water storage tanks.
A selection must consider the type of liquid or powder, temperature, pressure, and other conditions.
Liquid level indicators that do not meet the conditions of use may cause errors in liquid level output and other problems.
Typical examples of use are shown below.
Here, we explain the typical measuring principles of float, tube, ultrasonic, pressure, and capacitance types.
A float, called a float, is placed on the water's surface. A magnet inside the float moves in tandem with the rise and fall of the water surface. The position of the magnet is measured using a rotor to measure the position of the water surface.
A tube, which is linked to the height of the liquid level, is attached to the outside of the container. If the tube is made of glass, the liquid level can be visually checked from the outside. The installation of a level gauge should be considered when designing tanks and containers.
This method measures the liquid level by emitting ultrasonic waves toward the liquid surface inside the container and measuring the time it takes for the ultrasonic waves to reflect back from the liquid surface. This method is characterized by the fact that the liquid level indicators does not come into contact with the liquid to be measured and by the fact that it can be easily installed.
The liquid level is estimated by measuring the pressure of the object to be measured. The level gauge is installed at the bottom of the container. Care should be taken because the gauge may not function properly when the temperature or pressure is high. The feature of this gauge is that it can be easily installed.
An electrode is installed inside the tank, and the measurement is made by utilizing the fact that the area in contact with the electrode changes according to the ratio of air to the liquid to be measured. Changes in the dielectric constant inside the tank are detected to estimate the liquid level. It is characterized by its ability to be used in harsh environments such as high temperatures and high pressures.
Liquid level indicators are generally classified into glass gauge type (direct viewing type), magnetic float type (indirect type), displacer type, differential pressure type, electrostatic capacity type, ultrasonic type, and float type. There are also various other types of liquid level indicators depending on the special conditions of the environment and the liquid or powder being handled. Another example is a sight glass that checks the flow inside a pipe. Sight glasses are generally of the flange type that is bolted to the piping. In some cases, such as in food factories, they are installed without bolts, using an attachment-type sanitary fitting system that does not get inside the piping.
There are several ways to select liquid level indicators. For example, there is the method of classifying by operating pressure. There are no legal regulations, and the type is determined by the difference in operating pressure in the tank or piping. Boilers are a familiar example in factories, and water level gauges for boilers must be compatible with high-pressure gas-certified products. Thus, water level gauges cannot be selected based solely on the operating pressure.
Other selection methods include type by visible length, type by temperature, and type by weight. It is also essential to narrow down the selection according to the necessary conditions, such as whether the liquid level indicators needs to be welded to the tank or whether the emphasis should be placed only on checking the flow inside the piping.
A float level gauge (float level switch) is a type of liquid level switch. It is difficult to understand the structure of the float type because it is an indirect type. Although it is such a float type, a useful place to understand the float type in daily life is in the tank of a flushing toilet. Inside the tank, a float is attached to a lever, and when the amount of water in the tank decreases, the float drops and the water supply begins. When the amount of water in the tank reaches a certain level, the float rises, and the water supply pipe closes.
In factories, it is generally installed as a sensor to prevent the liquid from reaching the upper or lower limit.
There are two float type level switch types: the wind-up type and the non-wind-up type. The non-winding types include arm float type, ball float type, magnet type, and magnetostrictive type.
*Including some distributors, etc.
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