This section provides overview, applications, and principles of dc servomotors. Also, please take a look at the list of 20 dc servomotor manufacturers and their company rankings.
Table of Contents
A DC servomotor is a servomotor that operates on DC current. Servomotors are motors that operate in precise reproduction in response to control signals, and are used in precision equipment.
To measure and control the number of rotations, encoders and control boards are generally integrated with the motor. To rotate the motor, a component called a brush is required to pass electric current to the rotating shaft, which causes wear and tear on the brush and requires regular maintenance.
DC servomotors are widely used in industrial robots that require precise control. Compared to general-purpose motors, DC servomotors respond more quickly to signals the from robot controllers of industrial robots to output rotation speed and torque, and function as actuators for precise movement in robot arms and other parts.
Other applications include drone control, radio control, machine tools, and driving force for positioning precision equipment, etc. DC servomotors should be selected appropriately according to the level of precision and response speed required by the equipment in which they are used.
DC servomotors consists of a motor, an encoder, and a controller. The principle operation of DC servomotors are explained separately for the motor and other functions.
The motor is driven by the Lorentz force generated by the current flowing through the coils and the magnetic field from the permanent magnets, which rotate the iron core. When applying current to the coils, direct current from the outside is passed through brushes to the iron core, which then transfers the current to the coils. Since the current is passed directly to the coil, the Lorentz force can be quickly controlled and the response speed is fast.
The motor is rotated to achieve the target value to be controlled by signals transmitted from an external controller. Here, the encoder and controller operate to measure the number of rotations by the encoder, and based on the number of rotations, the controller performs feedback control to control the rotation of the motor so that it approaches the target value.
Servomotors, which are constructed to be more durable than ordinary motors in order to operate repeatedly even in harsh environments, can be broadly classified into two types: DC servomotors and AC servomotors.
DC servomotors are brush motors that rotate on a DC power source. DC servomotors feature better control and efficiency of rotation than AC motors, and are used in a wide variety of applications because they can be easily downsized and are inexpensive. However, DC servomotors has the disadvantage of a mechanical switch called a "brush" that needs to be replaced periodically and has a short life span.
AC servomotors are servomotors that rotate on an AC power source, and although they are more complicated to control than DC motors, they are used in equipment in almost all industrial fields due to their high utility, such as in smaller and lighter robots, as well as advances in control technology.
There are two types of motors: synchronous (SM), which uses permanent magnets, and induction (IM), which does not use permanent magnets, but synchronous motors are currently the main type.
*Including some distributors, etc.
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