This section provides an overview for 2-phase stepper motors as well as their applications and principles. Also, please take a look at the list of 10 2-phase stepper motor manufacturers and their company rankings.
Stepper motors, also called pulse motors, are motors in which the rotation axis angle is determined when one pulse is input from an external source. The operating angle and speed can be determined in synchronization with an externally sent pulse signal. It is not possible to apply a large load.
A 2-phase stepper motor is a stepper motor consisting of two phases, phase A and phase B. The control method and operating angle per pulse vary depending on the number of phases.
Since the operating angle and speed can be determined in synchronization with externally sent pulse signals, stepping motors are often used in applications that require operation at a predetermined time and distance (angle of rotation). It is also easy to detect a switch signal and immediately stop the motor. However, they cannot be used in fields where large loads are applied.
Examples of applications include clocks, industrial equipment (transport machines, robots), printers, slots, and camera lens movements.
They are used in fields with light loads where accuracy is required.
2-phase stepper motors consist mainly of a rotating shaft with a stator, called a rotor, and an outer stator, called a stator. When electricity is applied to the stator, magnetic force is generated and the rotating shaft rotates to the position where the rotors attract each other and stop. Rotation is continued by changing the position of the stator to which electricity is applied one after the other.
The stator has multiple convex teeth with windings arranged every 90 degrees. Electricity is applied to the stator in the opposite position.
The characteristics of 2-phase stepper motors depend on how it is wired. When designing a device, be aware of this wiring method to obtain a balance between cost and performance that is appropriate for the device.
Because only one winding is required, the output torque is higher than that of unipolar wiring, which will be discussed later. Also, the torque characteristics are different from those of unipolar wiring.
The basic idea is that the output torque is about half that of bipolar wiring, because two windings are placed in the limited space inside the motor and one winding is always at rest. However, as mentioned above, the torque characteristics are different from those of bipolar wiring.
Stepping motors maximize their characteristics by setting their rotational speed according to time. Setting the rotation speed according to time is generally called an operation pattern. There are two types of operation patterns.
It is called rectangular drive because a graph of speed and time forms a square (rectangle).
It is called trapezoidal drive because a graph of speed versus time forms a trapezoidal shape.
The rotation speed of the motor is not something that can be set as desired, but is determined by the following factors.
The characteristics of the motor you choose, especially the rotor inertia, are most important, especially when the motor is used for applications that require rapid movement and rapid stopping.
*Including some distributors, etc.
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