This section provides overview, applications, and principles of flyback transformers. Also, please take a look at the list of 14 flyback transformer manufacturers and their company rankings.
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A flyback transformer is a transformer used in a flyback converter.
The flyback method is a circuit for isolated switching power supplies such as DCAC converters and ACDC converters. It includes the forward method, the LLC resonance method, and the push-pull method.
In the flyback method, energy is repeatedly stored in and released from the transformer during power conversion. Therefore, unlike other types of transformers, flyback transformers must be capable of storing large amounts of energy.
The power that can be handled by the flyback method is about several tens of watts, making it suitable for low-power applications compared to isolated switching power supplies of other methods. On the other hand, it features a wide input voltage range.
However, the peak current is large, so care must be taken when selecting switching elements, rectifier diodes, and other components. In addition, since the ripple current is larger than in other methods, the smoothing capacitor capacity must be increased.
The circuit configuration of the flyback method consists of a switching element (power transistor, power MOSFET, etc.) connected to the primary side of the flyback transformer and a smoothing capacitor connected to the secondary side through a rectifying diode. The polarity of the windings is reversed so that when an excitation current is applied to the primary side of the transformer, a voltage is generated in the direction that the rectifier diode on the secondary side turns off.
When the switching element is turned on, the excitation current flows to the primary side of the transformer, and electromagnetic energy is stored in the transformer. When the switching element is turned off in this state, the excitation current on the primary side is interrupted, the direction of the voltage on the secondary side is reversed, and the electromagnetic energy stored in the transformer is released through the rectifier diode. This is smoothed by a capacitor to output a DC voltage.
The flyback transformer must store a large amount of electromagnetic energy. Transformers intended for energy transmission, like other methods, use core materials with high magnetic permeability to increase the coupling coefficient, but such materials are usually unable to store large amounts of electromagnetic energy. Therefore, in a flyback transformer, an air gap is created in a part of the core where the magnetic permeability is low, and energy is stored in this gap.
The flyback method has current discontinuous modes, current critical modes, and current continuous modes. The flyback transformer must be designed according to the power and operating mode to be handled.
*Including some distributors, etc.
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