This section provides an overview for green lasers as well as their applications and principles. Also, please take a look at the list of 5 green laser manufacturers and their company rankings.
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A green laser is a generic term for lasers that emit light with a wavelength of 532 nm, which is in the visible light region. It is called a green laser because it looks green to the naked eye.
Laser light generated at the fundamental wavelength passes through the nonlinear crystal to a wavelength of 532 nm. Although the energy decreases as it passes through the crystal, the green wavelength is often used for microfabrication and marking because of its high light-collecting ability.
Solid state lasers using Nd:YAG, Nd:YVO4, and Yb:YAG crystals, or semiconductor lasers are often used for green lasers.
Green lasers are used in a wide variety of applications. Familiar examples include markers that project parallel and perpendicular reference lines at construction sites, and laser pointers used at conferences and other events.
In science, they are used for Raman spectroscopy, fluorescence analysis, laser interferometry, and holography.
In the industrial field, green laser-equipped processing machines have been released for microfabrication such as dicing, drilling, and scribing, wafer marking, PCB cutting, and marking.
The basic principle of the green laser is as follows:
The 532nm wavelength is also called the second harmonic generation. The second harmonic generation is the wavelength conversion effect of nonlinear optics. 532 nm light is generated by utilizing the phenomenon that when light of a certain frequency is injected into a certain substance, light with an integral multiple of the frequency is emitted. A fundamental wavelength of 1064 nm is generated, and when that light is passed through a nonlinear crystal (LBO crystal), it is emitted as a wavelength of 532 nm, which is half the value of 1064 nm.
The fundamental wavelength of 1064 nm is generated by Nd:YAG lasers (solid-state lasers using yttrium aluminum garnet crystals doped with neodymium) and Nd:YVO4 lasers (solid-state lasers using yttrium tetraoxide vanadium crystals doped with neodymium).
Since the conversion efficiency is not 100% when passing through a nonlinear crystal, the energy of the light at 532 nm is reduced. However, the green laser is also active in the microfabrication and semiconductor fields because it can process materials (metals) that have a good absorption rate for this wavelength, and because the beam is easier to focus than the fundamental wave.
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