This section provides an overview for tetramethylammonium hydroxide as well as their applications and principles. Also, please take a look at the list of 26 tetramethylammonium hydroxide manufacturers and their company rankings. Here are the top-ranked tetramethylammonium hydroxide companies as of November, 2024: 1.Molekula Americas LLC, 2.Alfa Chemistry, 3.Honeywell.
Table of Contents
Tetramethylammonium hydroxide is a quaternary ammonium salt with the chemical formula (CH3)4NOH, often abbreviated as TMAH. It is known for its strong basicity and potential neurotoxicity upon skin contact, necessitating careful handling.
As a versatile chemical, TMAH is used in various industries. In the semiconductor sector, it serves as a developer in the photolithography process. It also finds application as a phase-transfer catalyst in organic synthesis, a reagent in polymerization and condensation reactions, and a component in the manufacture of organic nitrogen compounds.
In addition to these, TMAH is utilized in gas chromatography, zeolite synthesis, and as a cleaning agent for integrated circuits. Its role extends to the textile industry for surface treatment and in rechargeable batteries as an alkaline electrolyte.
Typically found as a stable solid pentahydrate (CH3)4NOH-5H2O or as a trihydrate (CH3)4NOH-3H2O, TMAH is also available in 2% and 25% aqueous and methanol solutions. It forms colorless solids or solutions, and its solutions exhibit strong basicity. The pentahydrate variant has a melting point of 67°C and decomposes at around 135-140°C.
With a molar mass of 91.15 g/mol, TMAH is composed of a tetramethylammonium ion ((CH3)4N+) and a hydroxide ion (OH-). It's also referred to as TMAOH, TMNOH, and N,N,N,-trimethylmethanaminium hydroxide.
Traditional synthesis involves reacting tetramethylammonium chloride with potassium hydroxide in anhydrous methanol. However, this method may introduce impurities like chlorine and potassium ions. An electrolysis approach using a cation exchange membrane yields higher purity TMAH with minimal metal and chlorine ions.
Alternate methods include the conversion of tetramethylammonium chloride to sulfate with sulfuric acid, followed by treatment with barium hydroxide.
TMAH undergoes acid-base reactions with strong or weak acids to form various tetramethylammonium salts. For instance, a reaction with ammonium thiocyanate produces tetramethylammonium thiocyanate. Concentrating its aqueous solution under reduced pressure yields crystals of the pentahydrate, and further dehydration can lead to its monohydrate form.
*Including some distributors, etc.
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Molekula Group, established in 2000, is a chemical manufacturer and distributor based in Darlington, United Kingdom, supported by additional offices and warehouses in Germany, Italy, China, and the United States. The company operates two British subsidiaries, namely Scafell Organics Ltd, which manufactures fine organic chemicals, and Sherman Chemicals Ltd, which provides custom solutions across industries. The company adheres to ISO 9001:2015 standards and offers a diverse range of over 4,500 products. Their product portfolio includes analytical reagents, biochemicals, building blocks, organic and inorganic chemicals, as well as research organics and inorganics.
Alfa Chemistry, founded in the year 2015 is based in New York, USA as a biotechnology company and manufacturer of graphene materials. Their product portfolio includes graphene oxide, CVD graphene film, graphene modification services, graphene series, graphene-like material, carbon nanomaterials, quantum dots, upcoming nanoparticles, and graphene transfer services. The company also provides services in custom manufacturing, and graphene analysis with quality assurance. The products are used in various industries which include energy, digital electronics, environment, textile, coating, and biomedical science.
Merck KGaA was founded in 1668 and is a manufacturer of medical products and devices based in Darmstadt, Germany. The company manufactures various products such as erbitux, bavencio, tepmetko, glucophage, and eutyhrox. These products are used for various purposes such as general medicine treatments, cardiovascular diseases, childhood growth hormone deficiency, multiple sclerosis treatments, and merkel cell carcinoma. The company has obtained various certifications such as ISO 9001:2015, ISO 14001:2015, ISO 45001:2018, and ISO 50001:2018.
Loba Chemie Pvt. Ltd. is a Mumbai-based manufacturer and supplier of laboratory and fine chemicals, catering to industries such as pharmaceuticals, food, research, hospitals, and universities since its establishment in 1975. Their product range includes pH indicators, biological stains, HPLC solvents, high purity acids, and tetrazolium salts and derivatives. These products serve various applications like pH testing, cell and tissue staining, chemical separation, and pharmaceutical manufacturing. The company has several certifications, such as ISO/IEC 17025:2017 and ISO 9001:2015.
Hangzhou Dayangchem Co.Limited is a manufacturer and supplier of fine chemicals and pharmaceutical intermediates, headquartered in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. Its product range covers organic compounds, Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs), nutritional products, and custom synthesis. Some of its products are heterocyclic compounds, aromatic compounds, boronic acids, amino acids, and organometallic compounds. These products are used for developing various drugs, agrochemicals, dyes, flavors, and fragrances for different markets such as pharmaceutical, biotechnology, cosmetic, and food industries. The company holds ISO 9001:2008 certification for its quality management system.
Hefei Home Sunshine Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd, established in 2013 and headquartered in Hefei City, China, is a manufacturer specializing in both standard and custom chemical synthesis. With manufacturing facilities in Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Inner Mongolia, Home Sunshine Pharma offers a range of products, including active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), intermediates, fine chemicals, coenzymes, and nucleotides. As an ISO 9001:2015 certified company, Home Sunshine Pharma serves research institutions, universities, and industries in Europe, America, and Southeast Asia with their chemical products.
Kanto Chemical Co. Inc., founded in 1944 and headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, is a reagent manufacturer with overseas affiliates in other countries, including China, France, USA, Taiwan, and Malaysia. Its product portfolio includes analytical reagents, ionic liquids, Iodine compounds, ultra-pure chemicals, and water analysis kits. The company is also developing regenerative medicine and genetics reagents and has over 50,000 products. It has several certifications, including ISO 9001, acquired in 1994, making it the first Japanese company in the reagent industry. Other certifications are ISO 14001, ISO 13485, and ISO/IEC 17025.
Junsei Chemical Co. Ltd., established in 1948 and headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, is a manufacturer of chemical reagents and chemical products, including commissioned synthesis of chemical products. Some of the products it makes include Sodium chloride solution, concentrated glycerin, calcium chloride, ascorbic acid, and nitric acid. The chemical products have a wide range of applications and can be used in pathological examination, as food additives, for analysis, and in the pharmaceutical industry. All its plants, including its research institute, are ISO4001 and ISO9001 certified, while its Saitama and Ibaraki plants are equipped with buildings that comply with GMP.
Kishida Chemical Co. Ltd., established in 1924 and headquartered in Osaka, Japan, is a manufacturer of reagents and high-purity chemicals and also does drug discovery support activities. Its product portfolio includes fine chemicals, research chemicals, ionic liquid, organic micro-analytical reagents, and chemical reagents for analysis. The products support several industries, including reagent business, battery material, drug discovery, and life science. The company is ISO 14001 certified and supplies several companies worldwide, including Meterion Advanced Chemicals Inc., Acros Organics, ChemBridge Corporation, Decon Laboratories, and InerBioScreen Ltd.
Sisco Research Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., established in 1975, is an Indian manufacturer and supplier of chemicals, biochemicals, and reagents, headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra. Supported by Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved manufacturing facilities, the company offers a range of products, including general laboratory chemicals and solvents, biochemical, bioreagents, and specialty fine chemicals. Their offerings also include animal cell culture, BioLit™ range of DNA and protein tools, and nanotechnology products. Additionally, SRL provides dehydrated culture media, biological ingredients, media supplements, chromogenic media, and media kits. These products serve diverse industries such as biotechnology, confectionary and food, personal care products, pharmaceuticals, and protein purification.
FujiFilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation, founded in 1922 and headquartered in Osaka, Japan, is a manufacturer of laboratory chemicals, specialty chemicals, and clinical diagnostic reagents. The company has three business domains, namely laboratory chemicals, specialty chemicals, and clinical diagnostic reagents, and some of its products include biochemistry reagents, blood transfusion test drugs, battery materials, polymer-related materials, and general reagents. The products are useful in various fields, including electronic, cosmetic, polymeric, pharmaceutical, and medical care. It acquired Sibayagi Co. Ltd. in 2015 and provides custom manufacturing to meet customer requirements.
Toronto Research Chemicals Inc., founded in 1982 and based in Toronto, Canada, is a manufacturer of biochemicals and is a subsidiary of LGC Standards. The ISO 9001-certified company has an extensive catalog of over 350,000 products, including metabolites, impurities, and natural products APIs, which are used in several applications like environmental analysis, forensic science, and medicinal R&D. The company supports the scientific community across more than 120 countries and has 19 production laboratories. In 2019, it was bought by LGC, which provides components to customers in the pharmaceutical, clinical diagnostics, and food markets, among others.
TCI America (TCI) was founded in 1946 and is a worldwide manufacturer of specialty organic chemicals. The company produces organic laboratory chemicals as well as pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and functional materials. TCI’s product segments include Chemistry, Life Science, Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry, and Custom & Bulk. For materials science, the company manufactures battery materials, nanocarbon materials, and magnetic materials. For life sciences, the company produces antibodies, reagents, and chemicals for cancer research. The company produces HLC, NMR, various chemicals, and resins and media for analytical chemistry.
Fengchen Group Co., LTD is based in Qingdao, China. The company is a manufacturer and supplier of speciality chemicals for several industries around the world including natural resources, hydrogeology, drilling, geophysics, and environmental & geotechnical services. The company’s chemical product categories include APIs, amino acids, micronutrients, package materials, and enzymes. The company also offers services including specialized transportation, samples of compounds, shipping documents needed for pharmaceutical products, and international customs support.
GFS Chemicals was founded in 1928 and is based in Columbus, Ohio. GFS Chemicals is an ISO 9001:2015 certified manufacturer as well as a supplier of specialty and fine chemicals, serving customers worldwide. GFS serves an array of industries including pharmaceutical, electronics, energy, fragrances, agrichemical, and specialty polymers. GFS Chemicals supplies over 8,600 chemicals in the United States, available in both small and large quantities. GFS Chemicals also offers Karl Fischer reagents, PPT/PPB trace analysis grade acids, turbidity standards, and other high-quality materials.
Henan Tianfu Chemical Co., Ltd., founded in 2009, is a Chinese chemical manufacturer and supplier based in Zhengzhou, Henan. The company has developed over 500 compounds, mostly for fine applications in manufacturing and life science. Their product range includes electronic chemicals, ultraviolet (UV)-curing materials, ionic liquids, and pharmaceutical materials. Additionally, Henan Tianfu has expanded into the fine chemical market, offering noble metal catalysts, organic phosphine ligands, and organic light-emitting diode (OLED) intermediates. They are also involved in the development of pesticides and medical intermediates, as well as the analysis and synthesis of electronic chemical materials.
Avantor was founded in 1904 and is headquartered in Radnor, Pennsylvania, as a supplier of lab and production services such as general and technical lab services, production, and business process consulting services. The company offers various clinical services, including customized kitting solutions, clinical trial equipment, and ancillary services. The organization is regarded as a dependable global partner for customers and suppliers in the life sciences, advanced technologies, and applied materials industries, spanning from initial discovery to final delivery.
Merck, started in 1668 and based in Darmstadt, Germany, is a supplier of solutions and services for research, development, and manufacture of pharmaceutical and biotechnological drug therapies. The company serves the life science industry and has a broad portfolio of 300,000 products, including biopharmaceutical manufacturing, industrial microbiology, reagent, life science research, and water purification products. It is available in 66 countries, brings together six brands, and has several ISO certifications, including ISO 13485, ISO 14001, ISO 13485, and ISO 50001.
Honeywell, founded in 1906, in Wabash, Indiana is manufacturer of automotive parts, building technologies, and performance and safety materials for aerospace, The company's product portfolio includes electronic guidance systems, cockpit instrumentation, lighting, automotive parts, and primary propulsion and secondary power turbine engines. The company serves industries such as Oil and Gas, Aerospace and Defense, Automotive and Transportation, Construction, and Power Generation. Their headquartere is located in Carolina and they have global sales offices and distributions channels.
Millipore Sigma, formerly known as Sigma-Aldrich, was created in 175 through the merger of Sigma Chemical Company and Aldrich Chemical company and today is a subsidiary of Merck. Millipore Sigma is a life science and biotechnology company serving the industry with several products and services. Some of their product categories include peptide synthesis materials, biochemicals, building blocks, catalysts, chemical biology, chemical synthesis, flavors & fragrances, formulation, lab chemicals, lab safety, APIs, and stable isotopes. Services include characterization, contract manufacturing, custom products, software, support, testing, and mRNA development & manufacturing.
Nacalai Tesque Inc., founded in 1846 and headquartered in Kyoto, Japan, is a manufacturer of research chemicals, fine chemicals, diagnostics, and the related instruments. Some of its products include cytokines, nucleic acid electrophoresis, cell dissociation reagents, and sialic acid-related products, and it also offers custom and bulk service for bulk reagents and cell culture media. The company has more than 50 domestic distributors and several worldwide, including Asia, the Middle East, Oceania, Europe, and Africa. It is ISO 9001 and ISO 9002 certified, while the Kyoto South brand and Tesque factory are ISO 14001 certified.
Jigs Chemical was established in 1998 and is based in India with global offices in the USA, UK, Canada, and Australia. Jigs Chemical is a manufacturer, distributor, and marketing & sales provider for organizations in India, specializing in chemicals and active pharmaceutical ingredients for pharmaceutical, agriculture, ceramics, metal treatment, and other industries. Jigs Chemical helps facilitate international customers to obtain chemicals from India, providing import and export assistance. Jigs Chemical’s product catalog includes over 40000 active pharmaceutical ingredients, commonly called APIs, their respective intermediates, and other chemicals.
Sachem, Inc., founded in 1950 and headquartered in Austin, Texas, USA, is a developer, manufacturer, and supplier of chemical solutions. The company’s product line includes catalysts, cationization agents, carbohydrate modifiers, conductors, and electrolyte chemicals. It offers high-purity chemical blending, mobius system chemical recycling, and TMAH safety services. Its products serve the electronic, energy materials, agrochemical, pharmaceutical, and polymer sectors. It operates across five facilities located in Austin (USA), Cleburne (USA), Zaltbommel (The Netherlands), Higashi Osaka (Japan), and Wuxi (China) that provide support and services to its customers worldwide.
Founded in Mumbai, India in 2006, Otto Chemie Pvt. Ltd. is an ISO 9001:2015 & GMP certified chemical manufacturing company and distributor. Otto Chemie serves customers in many industries including agriculture and food processing, pharmaceuticals, oil & gas, cement, as well as educational and R&D industries. Product offerings include antibiotics, amino acids, vitamins, detergents, ionic liquids, materials science compounds, labware, oil, metal & ceramic science compounds and tools, oils, reagents, solvents.
Watson International Limited, founded in 1996, and headquartered in London, England, is a professional fine chemical supplier. The company is capable in the development of both natural and unnatural amino acids, along with amino alcohols. Additionally, it offers custom synthesis services for carbohydrates, including carbohydrate-based intermediates, carbohydrate-based drugs, and glycosidase substrates. As the business department of the FCAD Group, the company serves as a crucial intermediary between research and development (R&D), production, and market demand. Leveraging the research and development capacity of FCAD, it caters to several industries, including pharmaceuticals, healthcare, electronics, and personal care.
HAZMAT Resource, Inc., located in Irvine, California, USA, is a distributor of hazardous materials response equipment and materials. They specialize in personal protective equipment (PPE), testing devices, and technical reference materials for hazardous materials (hazmat) response. Their product range includes PPE such as suits, gloves, boots, and respirators to safeguard hazmat responders from dangerous substances. They offer various testing devices like meters, detectors, and kits for precise identification and measurement of hazardous materials. Additionally, the company provides technical reference materials like books, manuals, and software, equipping responders with essential knowledge on hazardous material properties and safe handling procedures.
Ranking as of November 2024
Derivation MethodRank | Company | Click Share |
---|---|---|
1 | Molekula Americas LLC |
25.5%
|
2 | Alfa Chemistry |
19.1%
|
3 | Honeywell |
10.6%
|
4 | Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. |
8.5%
|
5 | Kishida Chemical Co.,Ltd. |
6.4%
|
6 | SACHEM, INC. |
4.3%
|
7 | Hangzhou Dayangchem Co.Limited |
4.3%
|
8 | LobaChemie Pct.Ltd. |
2.1%
|
9 | Hefei Home Sunshine Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd. |
2.1%
|
10 | Toronto Research Chemicals |
2.1%
|
Derivation Method
The ranking is calculated based on the click share within the tetramethylammonium hydroxide page as of November 2024. Click share is defined as the total number of clicks for all companies during the period divided by the number of clicks for each company.Number of Employees
Newly Established Company
Company with a History
*Including some distributors, etc.
*Including some distributors, etc.
Country | Number of Companies | Share (%) |
---|---|---|
Japan | 6 | 40.0% |
India | 3 | 20.0% |
China | 2 | 13.3% |
United States of America | 1 | 6.7% |
United States | 1 | 6.7% |
Germany | 1 | 6.7% |
Canada | 1 | 6.7% |