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This section provides an overview for chlorosulfonic acid as well as their applications and principles. Also, please take a look at the list of 10 chlorosulfonic acid manufacturers and their company rankings. Here are the top-ranked chlorosulfonic acid companies as of December, 2024: 1.Spectrum Chemical Mfg. Corp., 2.Wego Chemical Group Inc, 3.KANTO CHEMICAL CO.,INC..
Table of Contents
Chlorosulfonic acid is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula HSO3Cl or SO2Cl(OH).
It is also called "sulfuric chloride" or "hydrogen chlorotrioxosulfate. The formula weight is 116.52 g/mol, melting point is -80 °C, density is 1.753 g/cm3, and CAS number is 7790-94-5. At room temperature and pressure, it is a colorless to pale yellow cloudy oily liquid with a strong pungent odor.
Chlorosulfonic acid is used as a sulfonating agent in raw materials for synthetic detergents, pharmaceuticals, and dyes. Chlorosulfonic acid has a variety of uses and is consumed in large quantities in Japan.
Chlorosulfonic acid is mainly used as a reactant in sulfonation reactions. Sulfonation is a reaction in which a hydrogen atom of an organic compound is replaced by a sulfur group. Usually, sulfuric acid, fuming sulfuric acid, or acetyl sulfuric acid is used. Chlorosulfonic acid is particularly useful as a sulfonation reagent for compounds that are difficult to react with.
The reason for this is that the chlorine atom bonded to the sulfur atom is removed as a chloride ion in the sulfonation reaction, and this substitution reaction proceeds quickly because the chloride ion is very stable and excellent as a leaving group.
Another reason is that the use of chlorosulfonic acid is less expensive, and the intense sulfonation reaction using sulfuric acid produces a variety of unnecessary byproducts, which can be suppressed. However, there is a disadvantage in that the reactivity is very high and must be controlled.
The introduction of sulfo groups is very important because many neutral detergents have sulfo groups and quaternary amines at both ends, making them charge-neutral. Many dyes also have sulfo groups in their molecules. Therefore, this sulfonation reaction is an important process in the manufacture of neutral detergents and dyes, and chlorosulfonic acid is a raw material in the manufacture of neutral detergents and dyes.
Since chlorosulphonic acid reacts with water to form white smoke of hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid, it is also used as a raw material for smoke screens used in military settings and is sprayed into the exhaust of stealth bombers to adsorb moisture in the exhaust to suppress the generation of airplane clouds from the exhaust of the bomber's engine.
Chlorosulfonic acid is a highly reactive substance and reacts violently with water and ethanol. When reacting with water in particular, it decomposes to produce sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid and is highly hygroscopic and fumes in the air.
Therefore, it is important to select a solvent with no nucleophilic properties when dissolving it in a solvent. It is soluble in chloroform, dichloromethane, and pyridine, but insoluble in carbon disulfide and carbon tetrachloride.
1. Synthesis of Chlorosulfonic Acid
Chlorosulfonic acid can be synthesized by reacting phosphorus pentachloride with concentrated sulfuric acid. It can also be synthesized by reacting sulfur trioxide with hydrochloric acid.
2. Hazards of Chlorosulfonic Acid
Chlorosulfonic acid is classified as a deleterious substance under the Poisonous and Deleterious Substances Control Law. It is highly corrosive and causes severe chemical wounds when it comes into contact with the skin, so it should be handled with care. It is highly irritating not only to the skin but also to the eyes, and if ingested can cause severe damage to internal organs.
If it comes into contact with the skin, it is important to immediately wash it off with large amounts of water. If swallowed, immediate medical attention should be sought.
If left in the air, hydrogen chloride and sulfuric acid will react with moisture in the air to form dangerous hydrogen chloride and sulfuric acid, respectively. When handling, it is essential to wear a lab coat, protective clothing, rubber gloves, and safety glasses.
*Including some distributors, etc.
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Spectrum Chemical MFG Corp. was founded in 1971, is headquartered in New Brunswick, New Jersey, and has facilities in Gardena, California. Spectrum is a fine chemical manufacturing company with an emphasis on USP, NF, FCC, BP, EP, JP, and ACS grade products, and is ISO 9001:2015 certified. Spectrum primarily serves the analytical, biopharmaceutical, food & beverage, personal care, and pharmaceutical chemicals industries. Spectrum has 4 product segments which are chemicals, equipment, supplies, and safety.
Based in Bayville, NY, SAE Manufacturing Specialties Corp. is an ISO-certified supplier and manufacturer of industrial equipment, chemicals, components, ordinance, electronics, and systems for industries ranging from aerospace to high tech to law enforcement. Examples of product offerings include raw materials, chemicals, and lubricants for industrial purposes to finished products such as security helmets for law enforcement, and military ordnances. SAE also provides research and development as well as technical support for other companies in similar industries.
Wego Chemical Group was founded in 1978 and headquartered in Great Neck, New York. WEGO is a full-service supplier and distributor of chemicals, minerals, and other raw materials to clients around the world. Markets and segments include agriculture & animal care, chemical & material manufacturing, construction & building materials, electronics, food & beverage, “household, industrial & institutional”, mining, oil & gas, personal care & pharmaceutical, paper & packaging, surface treatment, textiles, and water treatment.
Kanto Chemical Co. Inc., founded in 1944 and headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, is a reagent manufacturer with overseas affiliates in other countries, including China, France, USA, Taiwan, and Malaysia. Its product portfolio includes analytical reagents, ionic liquids, Iodine compounds, ultra-pure chemicals, and water analysis kits. The company is also developing regenerative medicine and genetics reagents and has over 50,000 products. It has several certifications, including ISO 9001, acquired in 1994, making it the first Japanese company in the reagent industry. Other certifications are ISO 14001, ISO 13485, and ISO/IEC 17025.
TCI America (TCI) was founded in 1946 and is a worldwide manufacturer of specialty organic chemicals. The company produces organic laboratory chemicals as well as pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and functional materials. TCI’s product segments include Chemistry, Life Science, Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry, and Custom & Bulk. For materials science, the company manufactures battery materials, nanocarbon materials, and magnetic materials. For life sciences, the company produces antibodies, reagents, and chemicals for cancer research. The company produces HLC, NMR, various chemicals, and resins and media for analytical chemistry.
FujiFilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation, founded in 1922 and headquartered in Osaka, Japan, is a manufacturer of laboratory chemicals, specialty chemicals, and clinical diagnostic reagents. The company has three business domains, namely laboratory chemicals, specialty chemicals, and clinical diagnostic reagents, and some of its products include biochemistry reagents, blood transfusion test drugs, battery materials, polymer-related materials, and general reagents. The products are useful in various fields, including electronic, cosmetic, polymeric, pharmaceutical, and medical care. It acquired Sibayagi Co. Ltd. in 2015 and provides custom manufacturing to meet customer requirements.
Merck, started in 1668 and based in Darmstadt, Germany, is a supplier of solutions and services for research, development, and manufacture of pharmaceutical and biotechnological drug therapies. The company serves the life science industry and has a broad portfolio of 300,000 products, including biopharmaceutical manufacturing, industrial microbiology, reagent, life science research, and water purification products. It is available in 66 countries, brings together six brands, and has several ISO certifications, including ISO 13485, ISO 14001, ISO 13485, and ISO 50001.
Millipore Sigma, formerly known as Sigma-Aldrich, was created in 175 through the merger of Sigma Chemical Company and Aldrich Chemical company and today is a subsidiary of Merck. Millipore Sigma is a life science and biotechnology company serving the industry with several products and services. Some of their product categories include peptide synthesis materials, biochemicals, building blocks, catalysts, chemical biology, chemical synthesis, flavors & fragrances, formulation, lab chemicals, lab safety, APIs, and stable isotopes. Services include characterization, contract manufacturing, custom products, software, support, testing, and mRNA development & manufacturing.
Nacalai Tesque Inc., founded in 1846 and headquartered in Kyoto, Japan, is a manufacturer of research chemicals, fine chemicals, diagnostics, and the related instruments. Some of its products include cytokines, nucleic acid electrophoresis, cell dissociation reagents, and sialic acid-related products, and it also offers custom and bulk service for bulk reagents and cell culture media. The company has more than 50 domestic distributors and several worldwide, including Asia, the Middle East, Oceania, Europe, and Africa. It is ISO 9001 and ISO 9002 certified, while the Kyoto South brand and Tesque factory are ISO 14001 certified.
Glentham Life Sciences is based in Corsham, United Kingdom. Glentham Life Sciences is a leading supplier of fine chemicals, raw materials, reagents, and life science products. Glenthem also offers a number of services including custom packaging, call-off orders, and safety documentation. Glentham’s product offerings include chemicals such as amino acids, antibiotics, APIs, biochemicals, buffers, carbohydrates, chitin, chitosan, detergents, dyes, stains, enzymes, inorganic, peptide reagents, phytochemical, raw materials, solvents, steroids, and vitamins among others.
Ranking as of December 2024
Derivation Method| Rank | Company | Click Share |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Spectrum Chemical Mfg. Corp. |
25.0%
|
| 2 | Wego Chemical Group Inc |
16.7%
|
| 3 | Glentham Life Sciences Limited |
11.1%
|
| 4 | KANTO CHEMICAL CO.,INC. |
11.1%
|
| 5 | SAE Manufacturing Specialties Corp |
8.3%
|
| 6 | Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. |
8.3%
|
| 7 | nacalai |
8.3%
|
| 8 | Merck |
5.6%
|
| 9 | MilliporeSigma |
2.8%
|
| 10 | FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation |
2.8%
|
Derivation Method
The ranking is calculated based on the click share within the chlorosulfonic acid page as of December 2024. Click share is defined as the total number of clicks for all companies during the period divided by the number of clicks for each company.Number of Employees
Newly Established Company
Company with a History
*Including some distributors, etc.
*Including some distributors, etc.
| Country | Number of Companies | Share (%) |
|---|---|---|
|
Japan
|
4 | 50.0% |
|
United States of America
|
3 | 37.5% |
|
United Kingdom
|
1 | 12.5% |
