This section provides an overview for hydantoin as well as their applications and principles. Also, please take a look at the list of 9 hydantoin manufacturers and their company rankings. Here are the top-ranked hydantoin companies as of November, 2024: 1.Jigs chemical, 2.Vizag Chemical International.
Table of Contents
Hydantoin, also known as glycolylurea, is a compound synthesized by condensing glycolic acid and urea. It naturally occurs in molasses and appears as an odorless, colorless crystal under standard temperature and pressure. Hydantoin can be produced through Yurek's hydantoin synthesis, involving amino acids, potassium cyanate, and hydrochloric acid. It serves as the foundational structure for various chemicals, including allantoin, phenytoin, and dantrolene.
Hydantoin and its derivatives have diverse applications:
Phenytoin, a derivative of hydantoin, is a widely used antiepileptic drug. It suppresses nerve cell excitability, reducing seizure occurrences.
DialkylHydantoin derivatives, used in cosmetics and skincare, effectively retain skin moisture, alleviating dryness and irritation.
Hydantoin derivatives also act as UV absorbers in sunscreens and hair products, minimizing UV ray damage to skin and hair.
Additionally, these derivatives are crucial for producing agricultural chemicals and as intermediates in organic synthesis. PhenylHydantoin, derived from hydantoin, aids in amino acid identification due to its crystallinity. Heating hydantoin with barium hydroxide yields PhenylHydantoin, which can also be synthesized from various amino acids and phenyl isocyanate. Hydrolyzing hydantoin produces glycine, a basic amino acid, and substituting carbon at position 5 allows for the synthesis of various amino acids.
Hydantoin (C3H4N2O2, molecular weight 100.09 g/mol) is a heterocyclic compound, known as imidazolidine-2,4-dione. Its structure results from the cyclic condensation of glycolic acid and urea. As a colorless crystalline solid, hydantoin is naturally found in molasses and has a melting point of 215-220°C. It is insoluble in water and slightly soluble in organic solvents like alcohol and ether.
Exhibiting cyclic amide properties, hydantoin can be reduced to amino acids and acts as the backbone for drugs such as phenytoin and sodium valproate, suppressing epileptic seizures by affecting the central nervous system. Its derivatives, formed through the condensation of urea and glyoxal, are used in skin moisturizers.
Hydantoin features a five-membered cyclic structure with two nitrogen atoms and two carbonyl groups alternately attached to the ring. The nitrogen atoms are positioned at the 1st and 3rd positions, bonded to carbon atoms that have carbonyl groups at the 2nd and 4th positions.
This structure, exhibiting amide bond properties, is reactive under various conditions. Various hydantoin derivatives are produced by attaching different substituents, like phenyl groups in phenytoin, to the 5th carbon atom of the hydantoin ring, serving as antiepileptic drugs and skin moisturizers.
Hydantoin synthesis includes:
1. Yurek's Hydantoin Synthesis
This method synthesizes hydantoin derivatives from amino acids and potassium cyanate, where amino acids react with potassium cyanate under heat.
2. Bucherer-Berx Reaction
This method produces 5,5-disubstituted hydantoin derivatives from cyanohydrin and ammonium carbonate through carbamates and aldoximes reactions.
*Including some distributors, etc.
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Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., established in 1991 and headquartered in Dallas, Texas, is an American manufacturer and supplier specializing in biological products for medical research. Initially providing antibodies to the research community, they expanded their offerings to include gene silencers like siRNA and shRNA (plasmid and lentiviral), targeting all known mouse and human genes. Over time, Santa Cruz Biotechnology provides over 175,000 research biochemicals under the brand ChemCruz, including protein-interacting inhibitors, substrates, and activators, tailored for studying protein functions. The company offers monoclonal primary antibodies, designed for various mammalian and non-mammalian protein targets, along with corresponding binding secondary antibodies.
Kanto Chemical Co. Inc., founded in 1944 and headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, is a reagent manufacturer with overseas affiliates in other countries, including China, France, USA, Taiwan, and Malaysia. Its product portfolio includes analytical reagents, ionic liquids, Iodine compounds, ultra-pure chemicals, and water analysis kits. The company is also developing regenerative medicine and genetics reagents and has over 50,000 products. It has several certifications, including ISO 9001, acquired in 1994, making it the first Japanese company in the reagent industry. Other certifications are ISO 14001, ISO 13485, and ISO/IEC 17025.
Merck, started in 1668 and based in Darmstadt, Germany, is a supplier of solutions and services for research, development, and manufacture of pharmaceutical and biotechnological drug therapies. The company serves the life science industry and has a broad portfolio of 300,000 products, including biopharmaceutical manufacturing, industrial microbiology, reagent, life science research, and water purification products. It is available in 66 countries, brings together six brands, and has several ISO certifications, including ISO 13485, ISO 14001, ISO 13485, and ISO 50001.
Millipore Sigma, formerly known as Sigma-Aldrich, was created in 175 through the merger of Sigma Chemical Company and Aldrich Chemical company and today is a subsidiary of Merck. Millipore Sigma is a life science and biotechnology company serving the industry with several products and services. Some of their product categories include peptide synthesis materials, biochemicals, building blocks, catalysts, chemical biology, chemical synthesis, flavors & fragrances, formulation, lab chemicals, lab safety, APIs, and stable isotopes. Services include characterization, contract manufacturing, custom products, software, support, testing, and mRNA development & manufacturing.
SUVCHEM, established in 2004 and headquartered in Mumbai, India, is a manufacturer and exporter of laboratory chemicals and reagents. Their diverse product range includes organic and inorganic chemicals utilized in pharmaceuticals, plastics, water treatment, and more. They also offer biological stains and indicators for laboratory applications like cell culture and DNA analysis, along with culture media ingredients for growing microorganisms. SUVCHEM's products cater to schools, colleges, research laboratories, pharmaceutical and chemical companies, and other industries, supporting teaching, research, product development, and manufacturing processes across various sectors.
Hangzhou Longshine Bio-Tech Co., Ltd., established in 2011 and headquartered in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, is a manufacturer and supplier of pharmaceutical and chemical goods. The company offers a wide range of products, including API and intermediates, conjugated estrogens, beta-alanine, adrenaline tartrate, and 5-bromopyridine-2-carbaldehyde. These chemical products serve various purposes, such as being potent orally active estrogen receptor antagonists with anticancer properties, regulating animal physiology, diagnosing animal diseases, and providing treatments for conditions like erectile dysfunction.
Jigs Chemical was established in 1998 and is based in India with global offices in the USA, UK, Canada, and Australia. Jigs Chemical is a manufacturer, distributor, and marketing & sales provider for organizations in India, specializing in chemicals and active pharmaceutical ingredients for pharmaceutical, agriculture, ceramics, metal treatment, and other industries. Jigs Chemical helps facilitate international customers to obtain chemicals from India, providing import and export assistance. Jigs Chemical’s product catalog includes over 40000 active pharmaceutical ingredients, commonly called APIs, their respective intermediates, and other chemicals.
Vizag Chemical International was founded in Andhra Pradesh, India, in 2011. Vizag Chemical International sells chemical-based products for many sectors including automotive, agriculture, airline, deodorizers, construction chemicals, boat maintenance, degreasers, detergents, drain clean products, greases, personal hygiene, lab chemicals and equipment, fuel treatment, metal treatment, tank cleaners, swimming pool and spa chemicals, scale removers, sewage chemical treatment, as well as raw chemicals. Vizag Chemical International also provides a range of services including chemical inspection, logistics, chemical usage supervision, as well as tank cleaning.
Ranking as of November 2024
Derivation MethodRank | Company | Click Share |
---|---|---|
1 | Jigs chemical |
66.7%
|
2 | Vizag Chemical International |
33.3%
|
Derivation Method
The ranking is calculated based on the click share within the hydantoin page as of November 2024. Click share is defined as the total number of clicks for all companies during the period divided by the number of clicks for each company.Number of Employees
Newly Established Company
Company with a History
*Including some distributors, etc.
*Including some distributors, etc.
Country | Number of Companies | Share (%) |
---|---|---|
China | 2 | 50.0% |
United States of America | 1 | 25.0% |
Japan | 1 | 25.0% |