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This section provides an overview for oxetane as well as their applications and principles. Also, please take a look at the list of 22 oxetane manufacturers and their company rankings. Here are the top-ranked oxetane companies as of December, 2024: 1.Westman Chemicals Pvt. Ltd., 2.Pharmaffiliates, 3.Hunan Huateng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
Table of Contents
Figure 1. Basic Information on Oxetane
Oxetane is a cyclic ether with a saturated four-membered ring with one oxygen.
It is also known as trimethylene oxide, trimethylene oxide, oxacyclobutane, 3-hydroxy-3-butenyl lactone, 4-methyleneoxetan-2-one, and 1,3-epoxypropane.
In organic chemistry, the four-membered ring structure of oxetane is sometimes referred to as "oxetane" or "oxetane ring.
Oxetane is used as a raw material for pharmaceuticals, dyes, and preservatives. In organic synthesis, it can be used for hydroxypropylation of amines, alcohols, and benzenes.
Various derivatives containing oxetane are used in additives for epoxy resins, such as paints, adhesives, and various coatings, because of features such as fast curing of epoxy resins and excellent adhesion to plastic materials. In addition to its excellent flexibility and adhesion, it is attracting attention as an environmentally friendly material.
Many compounds with oxetane rings have biochemical characteristics, such as antiviral agents, substances involved in platelet aggregation, and anticancer agents.
Oxetane has a melting point of -97°C and a boiling point of 49-50°C. It is a colorless liquid with a characteristic odor. It is soluble in organic solvents and miscible with water.
The oxetane ring has high distortion energy and reacts readily with nucleophiles to open the ring. It can be used to hydroxypropylate benzene in the presence of Friedel-Crafts Catalyst as well as amines and alcohols.
The chemical formula of oxetane is represented by C3H6O or (CH2)3O. Its molecular weight is 58.08 g/mol and its density is 0.8930 g/cm3.
An example of a cyclic ether like oxetane is ethylene oxide (oxirane), a three-membered ring compound with two carbon atoms. Other examples include tetrahydrofuran (THF, tetramethylene oxide), a five-membered ring compound with four carbon atoms, and tetrahydropyran (THP, pentamethylene oxide), a six-membered ring compound with five carbon atoms.
Figure 2. Synthesis of Oxetane
The reaction of potassium hydroxide with 3-chloropropyl acetate at 150°C yields oxetane. The yield is 40% due to the formation of various byproducts.
Oxetane can also be synthesized by the Paternò-Büchi reaction. When a carbonyl compound and an alkene are irradiated with ultraviolet light, [2+2] cyclization proceeds to form an oxetane ring.
Oxetane rings can also be synthesized by cyclization of diols and decarboxylation of six-membered carbonates.
There are not many natural products containing an oxetane ring, but a typical example is the β-amino acid oxetine. Oxetane has a carboxy group and an amino group on the oxetane ring.
Oxetanosine A has two hydroxymethyl groups on the oxetane ring, with adenine substituted. Analogues with thymine or guanine instead of adenine have also been synthesized: oxetanosine T and oxetanosine G.
Other terpenoids with oxetane rings include taxol, clementine, and teucloxide.
Figure 3. Related Compounds of Oxetane
More than 100 compounds with the oxetane ring have been synthesized. Examples include 3-nitrooxetane and 3,3-dinitrooxetane, which have nitro groups, in addition to 2-methyloxetane and 3-methyloxetane with methyl groups.
Other examples include 3-azido oxetane, 3,3-dimethyloxetane, 3,3-bis(chloromethyl)oxetane, and 3,3-bis(azidomethyl)oxetane.
*Including some distributors, etc.
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ChemScence, LLC., established in 2006, is an American manufacturer based in Monmouth Junction, New Jersey, specializing in building blocks and fine research chemicals. The company offers approximately 45,000 building blocks and intermediates, as well as thin layer chromatography, screening libraries, bioactive small molecules, and isotope compounds. ChemScence also provides dye and biochemical assay reagents, peptides, and natural products like glycosides, and steroids. Catering to a diverse clientele including universities, research institutions, as well as pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, ChemScence extends its services to include custom chemistry solutions. Furthermore, the company offers technical expertise in the domain of new drug development.
Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., established in 1991 and headquartered in Dallas, Texas, is an American manufacturer and supplier specializing in biological products for medical research. Initially providing antibodies to the research community, they expanded their offerings to include gene silencers like siRNA and shRNA (plasmid and lentiviral), targeting all known mouse and human genes. Over time, Santa Cruz Biotechnology provides over 175,000 research biochemicals under the brand ChemCruz, including protein-interacting inhibitors, substrates, and activators, tailored for studying protein functions. The company offers monoclonal primary antibodies, designed for various mammalian and non-mammalian protein targets, along with corresponding binding secondary antibodies.
Advanced ChemBlocks Inc. 2010 in San Francisco Bay, USA, is a supplier of building blocks, bioreference products and synthesized molecules. It supplies over 80,000 chemical products such as azetidine, bicyclic ring, cyclobutane, and indazole. The company also provides custom synthesis services for contaminants, reference compounds, small molecules, pharmaceutical metabolites, and fine chemicals. Besides that, it offers scale-up and manufacturing services such as developing new APIs and intermediates and optimizing synthetic routes.
Parchem was founded in 1999 and headquartered in Rochelle, New York. Parchem is a distributor of industrial chemicals. Parchem serves nutritional, personal care, pharmaceutical, and specialty chemical industries. Parchem offerings include coatings, adhesives, elastomers, industrial products, petrochemicals, oleochemicals, plastics, rubber, nutritional supplements, cosmetics, consumer products, catalysts, metallic salts, rare earths, flavors & fragrances, industrial & institutional, textiles, other food-related chemicals, dyes, finishes, chemicals for aerospace, oil gas drilling chemicals, electronics, and pharmaceuticals.
Nagase America LLC, founded in Japan in 1832, is a supplier of chemicals, plastics, electronics materials, cosmetics, and food ingredients. The company offers a wide spectrum of raw materials and specialty chemicals, serving industries like pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and manufacturing. Its products are used in manufacturing processes and engineering applications, the personal care and cosmetics industry pharmaceutical manufacturing, and healthcare institutions. It operates in Europe, Asia, and the Americas and has a global distribution network.
Pharmaffiliates, established in 2001 and located in Gurgaon, India, is a manufacturer of pharmaceutical standards and services. The company provides Certified Reference Standards (CRS) used in analytical methods, as well as drug delivery systems like tablets, capsules, injectables, and deuterated compounds that aid in research and development, studying drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. Pharmaffiliates also offers various services to the pharmaceutical industry, including custom synthesis, analytical research, stability studies, and formulation development.
Westman Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. was founded in 1988 and is headquartered in Mulund West, Mumbai, as a manufacturer of industrial fine chemicals. The company has consistently upheld high standards of quality across its whole range of products, surpassing the expectations of its global clientele. Additionally, the facility possesses a comprehensive and contemporary laboratory that facilitates rigorous quality testing. All products produced by the organization are developed internally by its devoted research and development department. The organization consistently endeavors to improve client satisfaction by diligently adhering to its defined quality standards.
Kanto Chemical Co. Inc., founded in 1944 and headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, is a reagent manufacturer with overseas affiliates in other countries, including China, France, USA, Taiwan, and Malaysia. Its product portfolio includes analytical reagents, ionic liquids, Iodine compounds, ultra-pure chemicals, and water analysis kits. The company is also developing regenerative medicine and genetics reagents and has over 50,000 products. It has several certifications, including ISO 9001, acquired in 1994, making it the first Japanese company in the reagent industry. Other certifications are ISO 14001, ISO 13485, and ISO/IEC 17025.
Apollo Scientific Ltd, a subsidiary of Japan’s Central Glass Europe Limited, is a research chemicals manufacturer and supplier founded in 1993 and headquartered in Bredbury, United Kingdom. Performing chemical syntheses in their Manchester-based laboratories, Apollo Scientific offers a selection of over 100,000 chemical products, from fluorinated compounds to non-fluorinated building blocks, for research and industry applications. Their life science products include antibiotics and buffers, as well as customized products for stem cell, molecular biology, and proteomics research. Additionally, Apollo Scientific offers spectroscopy products, such as consumables for infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, as well as mass spectrometry standards.
Biosynth is a Swiss manufacturer of life science reagents established in 1966 and headquartered in Staad. The company sources and manufactures biochemical products such as carbohydrates, nucleosides, and enzyme substrates, as well as various peptides and biologics. They also operate as a contract manufacturer offering custom synthesis and manufacturing services for their clients in the pharmaceutical, diagnostic, food, and agrochemical sectors. Biosynth has regional sales offices and specialized facilities in Europe and North America, including in the Netherlands, United Kingdom, and United States.
Merck, started in 1668 and based in Darmstadt, Germany, is a supplier of solutions and services for research, development, and manufacture of pharmaceutical and biotechnological drug therapies. The company serves the life science industry and has a broad portfolio of 300,000 products, including biopharmaceutical manufacturing, industrial microbiology, reagent, life science research, and water purification products. It is available in 66 countries, brings together six brands, and has several ISO certifications, including ISO 13485, ISO 14001, ISO 13485, and ISO 50001.
Millipore Sigma, formerly known as Sigma-Aldrich, was created in 175 through the merger of Sigma Chemical Company and Aldrich Chemical company and today is a subsidiary of Merck. Millipore Sigma is a life science and biotechnology company serving the industry with several products and services. Some of their product categories include peptide synthesis materials, biochemicals, building blocks, catalysts, chemical biology, chemical synthesis, flavors & fragrances, formulation, lab chemicals, lab safety, APIs, and stable isotopes. Services include characterization, contract manufacturing, custom products, software, support, testing, and mRNA development & manufacturing.
UBE Corporation, established in 1897, is a Japanese manufacturer and supplier of chemical and machinery solutions, headquartered in Minato City, Tokyo and Ube, Yamaguchi. The company offers a range of chemicals for various industries and daily applications including electrolytes and separators for lithium-ion batteries and nylon resins for engineering plastics. UBE also offers gas separation membranes, polybutadiene rubber, and fine chemical products. The company's subsidiary, UBE MACHINERY CORPORATION, Ltd., supplies various machinery, including die-casting and extrusion machines, injection molding machines, and industrial machines, like ceramic machines and water screening equipment. These products find applications in various industries, including automobile and energy.
Alfa Aesar is based in Lancashire, United Kingdom. Alfa Aesar is part of Thermo Fisher Scientific, is a manufacturer and supplier of chemicals, metals, and life science products for research and development. Alfa Aesar’s product lines include chemicals, life science, materials & metals, catalysts, and analytical & lab ware. Chemical offerings include inorganic compounds, organic compounds, organometallic, and solvents. Life sciences include biotechnology products, cellular & molecular biology, genomics, and immunology. Materials & metal include alloys, carbon, etchants, and more. Catalysts include ferrocenes, fuel cell products, and precious metals & catalysts. Alfa Aesar also offers custom manufacturing options.
Hunan Huateng Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., established in 2013 and based in Changsha, China, is a supplier of PEG derivatives and a contract manufacturer of APIs and intermediates. It stocks chemical reagents, vaccine excipients, APIs, and pharmaceutical intermediates, among other chemicals. In 2016, the company launched the first R&D center in Changsha, and in 2020, it completed the construction of its company, which started operations. It is ISO 9001 certified and has a range of facilities to manufacture and store chemical products up to 10 Metric Tons.
TOAGOSEI CO., LTD, founded in Nagoya, Japan in 1944 is a manufacturer of commodity chemicals, adhesive materials and plastics. The company's product portfolio includes Acrylic acid used as a raw material in acrylic polymers, Synthetic hydrochloric acid, Sodium hypochlorite and Liquid chlorine, Their products find application in the disinfection of water, sewerage and pool, pulp bleaching, food industries, water and wastewater treatment, and ballast water purification. Their products are used in industries such as Food and Beverage , Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology, Chemical and Petrochemical, Environmental Testing and healthcare.
MOLBASE, founded in 2013 and headquartered in Shanghai, China, is a supplier of a SaaS-powered and data-driven integrated service platform for chemical e-commerce. Its offered e-commerce platform is designed for small and medium-sized chemical-related businesses, where various activities, including chemical searching, promotion, inquiry, transaction, and payment, can be done. Chemical business owners can design and set up their online stores, manage products and inventory, process orders, build customer relationships, and leverage analytics and reporting on the platform. The company also provides various support services, including supply chain financial services, business intelligence services, and logistics and warehousing services.
NAGASE EUROPA GmbH, established in 1980 and headquartered in Düsseldorf, Germany, operates as a distributor of a diverse range of products, including chemicals, plastics, electronic materials, cosmetics, and health food products. The company offers an array of products, such as epoxy resins, lubricants, MPC-polymer for eye care, semiconductor packaging materials, thermal gap pads, and more. These products cater to various industries, including paint and coatings, plastics and compounds, food processing, personal care, in vitro diagnostics, and others.
Aurum Pharmatech LLC, founded in 2002 and headquartered in Frisco, Texas, is a global supplier of fine chemicals, pharmaceutical intermediates, and research chemicals. The company’s core business is providing chemical building blocks, which include functionalized heterocycles, boronic acids, carbonyl compounds, alkynes, azides, and halogenated compounds. The company serves various industries, including pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, and academia. Its products are used in the advancement of drug discovery and development. The company is partnered with shipping companies like FedEx, UPS, and DHL.
Ranking as of December 2024
Derivation Method| Rank | Company | Click Share |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Westman Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. |
16.8%
|
| 2 | Pharmaffiliates |
11.2%
|
| 3 | Hunan Huateng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd |
6.5%
|
| 4 | ChemScence |
6.5%
|
| 5 | Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. |
6.5%
|
| 6 | UBE Corporation |
5.6%
|
| 7 | Merck |
5.6%
|
| 8 | GM Chemical Co., Ltd. |
4.7%
|
| 9 | KANTO CHEMICAL CO.,INC. |
4.7%
|
| 10 | Ferro Pharmaceuticals & Fine Chemicals |
3.7%
|
Derivation Method
The ranking is calculated based on the click share within the oxetane page as of December 2024. Click share is defined as the total number of clicks for all companies during the period divided by the number of clicks for each company.Number of Employees
Newly Established Company
Company with a History
*Including some distributors, etc.
*Including some distributors, etc.
| Country | Number of Companies | Share (%) |
|---|---|---|
|
United States of America
|
6 | 35.3% |
|
China
|
4 | 23.5% |
|
India
|
2 | 11.8% |
|
United Kingdom
|
2 | 11.8% |
|
Japan
|
1 | 5.9% |
|
Switzerland
|
1 | 5.9% |
|
Germany
|
1 | 5.9% |
