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This section provides an overview for isobutyric acids as well as their applications and principles. Also, please take a look at the list of 17 isobutyric acid manufacturers and their company rankings. Here are the top-ranked isobutyric acid companies as of December, 2024: 1.Restek Corporation., 2.HAZMAT Resource, Inc., 3.Vigon International.
Table of Contents
Isobutyric acid is an organic compound with the chemical formula C4H8O2 and the characteristic formula (CH3)2CHCOOH.
It is one of the structural isomers of butyric acid, a volatile aliphatic carboxylic acid. Its IUPAC nomenclature is 2-methylpropanoic acid, and its CAS number is 79-31-2.
In the chemical field, isobutyric acids are used for the synthesis of isobutyric esters such as methyl isobutyrate, propyl ester, isoamyl ester, and benzyl ester, and the production of isobutyronitrile intermediate.
It is also used in the food industry as an edible flavor. Specifically, it is mainly used in the production of butter, apples, caramel, cheese, bread, and yeast. Other uses include the production of perfumes and perfume esters, pharmaceuticals, solvents for paints, disinfectants, varnishes, plasticizers, leather, and tanning agents.
Figure 1. Basic Information on Isobutyric Acids
Isobutyric acids have a molecular weight of 88.11, a melting point of -47°C, and a boiling point of 154°C. It is a colorless liquid at room temperature. it has an unpleasant rancid buttery odor similar to that of n-butyric acid.
It has a density of 0.950 g/mL and an acid dissociation constant pKa of 4.84. It is extremely soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and ether and dissolves in 6 times as much water.
Isobutyric acids are generally sold as reagent products for research and development and as flavoring agents (food additives). In R&D reagent products, isobutyric acid is available in 25mL, 100mL, and 500mL volumes, and is usually supplied in volumes that are easy to handle in the laboratory.
They are handled as reagent products that can be stored at room temperature. For those sold as food additives or flavorings, individual inquiries to the manufacturer are required.
Figure 2. Example of Synthesis of Isobutyric Acids
Isobutyric acids can be synthesized by oxidizing isobutyl alcohol with an appropriate oxidant (potassium dichromate/sulfuric acid conditions, etc.). This is done via isobutyraldehyde as an intermediate.
Other methods include the hydrocarboxylation of propylene (Koch reaction). Industrially, isobutyric acids are a byproduct of n-butanol production.
Laboratory methods include hydrolysis of isobutyl nitrile under basic conditions to obtain isobutyl alcohol, followed by oxidation, and direct treatment of methacrylic acid with sodium amalgam (Na(Hg)) to obtain isobutyric acids.
Figure 3. Examples of Derivatives of Isobutyric Acids
Isobutyric acids show the typical reactivity seen in carboxylic acids in general, yielding derivatives such as amides (-CONH2), acid anhydrides (-CO-O-CO-), and acid chlorides (-COCl). Reaction with chromic acid produces acetone. The substance obtained by oxidizing isobutyric acids with potassium permanganate under basic conditions is α-hydroxyisobutyric acid.
Isobutyric acids have various hazardous properties and are classified by the GHS classification as follows
Isobutyric acids may be altered by light. Avoid high temperatures, direct sunlight, heat, flames, sparks, static electricity, and sparks. Strong oxidizers are listed as a miscibility hazard. Hazardous decomposition products are carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.
Isobutyric acids are regulated by law due to their hazardous properties. Under the Fire Service Act, it is classified as a hazardous material, Class IV, Petroleum No. 2, Hazardous Rank III, and under the Industrial Safety and Health Act, it is classified as a hazardous material and flammable substance. It must be handled correctly in compliance with laws and regulations.
*Including some distributors, etc.
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Restek Corporation is a chromatography products manufacturer founded in 1985 and headquartered in Bellefonte, Pennsylvania. The company offers various products including sample preparation and collection products like solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridges, liquid chromatography (LC) and supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) columns, and reference standards used for calibration and quality control purposes. Other products include accessories such as flow meters, regulators, and valves. These are used for monitoring the quality of soil, air, and water, as well as petrochemicals and pharmaceuticals. Restek Corporation provides clients with tech support, product education, and custom solution services.
Vigon International is headquartered in East Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania, and is a subsidiary of Azelis. The company is a custom manufacturer of fragrances and flavor products used in cosmetics, food processing, and related industries. The company’s compounds originate from dozens of fruits, herbs, and spices grown in regions as diverse as California, Germany, Brazil, and Indonesia. The company’s custom processing capabilities include adding reaction flavors such as Maillard in batches from 1 to 5,000kg, vacuum distillations, essential oil folding and concentration, and emulsion production.
Kanto Chemical Co. Inc., founded in 1944 and headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, is a reagent manufacturer with overseas affiliates in other countries, including China, France, USA, Taiwan, and Malaysia. Its product portfolio includes analytical reagents, ionic liquids, Iodine compounds, ultra-pure chemicals, and water analysis kits. The company is also developing regenerative medicine and genetics reagents and has over 50,000 products. It has several certifications, including ISO 9001, acquired in 1994, making it the first Japanese company in the reagent industry. Other certifications are ISO 14001, ISO 13485, and ISO/IEC 17025.
Junsei Chemical Co. Ltd., established in 1948 and headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, is a manufacturer of chemical reagents and chemical products, including commissioned synthesis of chemical products. Some of the products it makes include Sodium chloride solution, concentrated glycerin, calcium chloride, ascorbic acid, and nitric acid. The chemical products have a wide range of applications and can be used in pathological examination, as food additives, for analysis, and in the pharmaceutical industry. All its plants, including its research institute, are ISO4001 and ISO9001 certified, while its Saitama and Ibaraki plants are equipped with buildings that comply with GMP.
Kishida Chemical Co. Ltd., established in 1924 and headquartered in Osaka, Japan, is a manufacturer of reagents and high-purity chemicals and also does drug discovery support activities. Its product portfolio includes fine chemicals, research chemicals, ionic liquid, organic micro-analytical reagents, and chemical reagents for analysis. The products support several industries, including reagent business, battery material, drug discovery, and life science. The company is ISO 14001 certified and supplies several companies worldwide, including Meterion Advanced Chemicals Inc., Acros Organics, ChemBridge Corporation, Decon Laboratories, and InerBioScreen Ltd.
Chemex Chemicals, founded in 1986 and located in Mumbai, Maharashtra, is a manufacturer of industrial chemicals and additives. The company manufactures and distributes acetone, hexanediol, acrylic acid, butanediol, allyl alcohol, cellosolve acetate and cleaning solvents. The products of this company are used in the agricultural, mining, transport, oil, gas, and pharmaceutical sectors. The company imports raw materials from countries like Japan, China, Korea, Egypt and Australia. The company has set up its fully functional logistic facilities at Bhiwandi, Maharashtra.
Pharmaffiliates, established in 2001 and located in Gurgaon, India, is a manufacturer of pharmaceutical standards and services. The company provides Certified Reference Standards (CRS) used in analytical methods, as well as drug delivery systems like tablets, capsules, injectables, and deuterated compounds that aid in research and development, studying drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. Pharmaffiliates also offers various services to the pharmaceutical industry, including custom synthesis, analytical research, stability studies, and formulation development.
Toronto Research Chemicals Inc., founded in 1982 and based in Toronto, Canada, is a manufacturer of biochemicals and is a subsidiary of LGC Standards. The ISO 9001-certified company has an extensive catalog of over 350,000 products, including metabolites, impurities, and natural products APIs, which are used in several applications like environmental analysis, forensic science, and medicinal R&D. The company supports the scientific community across more than 120 countries and has 19 production laboratories. In 2019, it was bought by LGC, which provides components to customers in the pharmaceutical, clinical diagnostics, and food markets, among others.
TCI America (TCI) was founded in 1946 and is a worldwide manufacturer of specialty organic chemicals. The company produces organic laboratory chemicals as well as pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and functional materials. TCI’s product segments include Chemistry, Life Science, Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry, and Custom & Bulk. For materials science, the company manufactures battery materials, nanocarbon materials, and magnetic materials. For life sciences, the company produces antibodies, reagents, and chemicals for cancer research. The company produces HLC, NMR, various chemicals, and resins and media for analytical chemistry.
Merck, started in 1668 and based in Darmstadt, Germany, is a supplier of solutions and services for research, development, and manufacture of pharmaceutical and biotechnological drug therapies. The company serves the life science industry and has a broad portfolio of 300,000 products, including biopharmaceutical manufacturing, industrial microbiology, reagent, life science research, and water purification products. It is available in 66 countries, brings together six brands, and has several ISO certifications, including ISO 13485, ISO 14001, ISO 13485, and ISO 50001.
Millipore Sigma, formerly known as Sigma-Aldrich, was created in 175 through the merger of Sigma Chemical Company and Aldrich Chemical company and today is a subsidiary of Merck. Millipore Sigma is a life science and biotechnology company serving the industry with several products and services. Some of their product categories include peptide synthesis materials, biochemicals, building blocks, catalysts, chemical biology, chemical synthesis, flavors & fragrances, formulation, lab chemicals, lab safety, APIs, and stable isotopes. Services include characterization, contract manufacturing, custom products, software, support, testing, and mRNA development & manufacturing.
Nacalai Tesque Inc., founded in 1846 and headquartered in Kyoto, Japan, is a manufacturer of research chemicals, fine chemicals, diagnostics, and the related instruments. Some of its products include cytokines, nucleic acid electrophoresis, cell dissociation reagents, and sialic acid-related products, and it also offers custom and bulk service for bulk reagents and cell culture media. The company has more than 50 domestic distributors and several worldwide, including Asia, the Middle East, Oceania, Europe, and Africa. It is ISO 9001 and ISO 9002 certified, while the Kyoto South brand and Tesque factory are ISO 14001 certified.
Alfa Aesar is based in Lancashire, United Kingdom. Alfa Aesar is part of Thermo Fisher Scientific, is a manufacturer and supplier of chemicals, metals, and life science products for research and development. Alfa Aesar’s product lines include chemicals, life science, materials & metals, catalysts, and analytical & lab ware. Chemical offerings include inorganic compounds, organic compounds, organometallic, and solvents. Life sciences include biotechnology products, cellular & molecular biology, genomics, and immunology. Materials & metal include alloys, carbon, etchants, and more. Catalysts include ferrocenes, fuel cell products, and precious metals & catalysts. Alfa Aesar also offers custom manufacturing options.
Eastman Chemical was founded in 1920 and is headquartered in Kingsport, Tennessee. The company is a manufacturer and distributor of specialty chemicals, including coatings, adhesives, fibers, and plastics for industries such as automotive, medical, manufacturing, and construction. The company operates through four segments: Additives & Functional Products, Advanced Materials, Chemical Intermediates, and Fibers segments. Additives & Functional Products include food and fertilizer-based products. Advanced Materials include films and other chemicals used in transportation and electronics. Chemicals include phthalate plasticizers and other plastic products. Fibers include cigarette filters and other products.
Founded in 1981, Central Drug House Ltd. serves the scientific community via manufacturing and marketing a library of over 9,000 products to laboratory fine chemicals and dehydrated culture media with emphasis on purity and service. Examples are acids & bases, adsorbents, disinfectants, indicator papers, oils, and solvents. CDH provides bio chemicals, research chemicals, laboratory reagents, various solvents, stains & indicators, and dehydrated culture media. CDH is ISO 9001 certified and CDHs’ products are in compliance with specifications of IP, BP, USP, and EP standards.
Founded in Mumbai, India in 2006, Otto Chemie Pvt. Ltd. is an ISO 9001:2015 & GMP certified chemical manufacturing company and distributor. Otto Chemie serves customers in many industries including agriculture and food processing, pharmaceuticals, oil & gas, cement, as well as educational and R&D industries. Product offerings include antibiotics, amino acids, vitamins, detergents, ionic liquids, materials science compounds, labware, oil, metal & ceramic science compounds and tools, oils, reagents, solvents.
HAZMAT Resource, Inc., located in Irvine, California, USA, is a distributor of hazardous materials response equipment and materials. They specialize in personal protective equipment (PPE), testing devices, and technical reference materials for hazardous materials (hazmat) response. Their product range includes PPE such as suits, gloves, boots, and respirators to safeguard hazmat responders from dangerous substances. They offer various testing devices like meters, detectors, and kits for precise identification and measurement of hazardous materials. Additionally, the company provides technical reference materials like books, manuals, and software, equipping responders with essential knowledge on hazardous material properties and safe handling procedures.
Ranking as of December 2024
Derivation Method| Rank | Company | Click Share |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Restek Corporation. |
22.6%
|
| 2 | HAZMAT Resource, Inc. |
12.9%
|
| 3 | Vigon International |
12.9%
|
| 4 | Chemex Chemicals |
9.7%
|
| 5 | MilliporeSigma |
9.7%
|
| 6 | Pharmaffiliates |
6.5%
|
| 7 | Toronto Research Chemicals |
6.5%
|
| 8 | Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. |
6.5%
|
| 9 | Merck |
6.5%
|
| 10 | Alfa Aesar, Thermo Fisher Scientific. |
3.2%
|
Derivation Method
The ranking is calculated based on the click share within the isobutyric acid page as of December 2024. Click share is defined as the total number of clicks for all companies during the period divided by the number of clicks for each company.Number of Employees
Newly Established Company
Company with a History
*Including some distributors, etc.
*Including some distributors, etc.
| Country | Number of Companies | Share (%) |
|---|---|---|
|
Japan
|
5 | 38.5% |
|
India
|
4 | 30.8% |
|
United States of America
|
2 | 15.4% |
|
Canada
|
1 | 7.7% |
|
United Kingdom
|
1 | 7.7% |
