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This section provides an overview for gold chloride as well as their applications and principles. Also, please take a look at the list of 13 gold chloride manufacturers and their company rankings. Here are the top-ranked gold chloride companies as of December, 2024: 1.Stanford Advanced Materials, 2.Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., 3.Junsei Chemical Co.,Ltd..
Table of Contents
Gold chloride is a golden or reddish-yellow, needle-like crystal containing trivalent gold.
Gold chloride is also called tetrachloroauric(III) acid or hydrogen aurichloride. It is usually found as tetrahydrate (HAuCl4-4H2O).
Gold chloride is a highly corrosive and toxic substance. It is also designated as a deleterious substance and should be handled with care.
In addition to its use as a metal, gold chloride is widely used for decorative purposes, such as coloring ceramics, manufacturing ruby glass, gold plating, ink, and glass coloring. Other uses include the manufacture of photo-sensitive materials, medical products, reagents for alkaloids, catalysts, gold powder, gold nanoparticles, etc.
Products made with gold chloride, such as gold plating and gold nanoparticles, are characterized by their high conductivity and stability. For this reason, it is sometimes used in applications such as electrodes for electronic materials.
Gold chloride is extremely soluble in water. It is also soluble in alcohol and ether. Gold chloride, when dissolved in water, gives the tetrachloride gold (III) acid ion, [AuCl4]-. In aqueous solution, it is acidic due to hydrolysis to [AuCl3OH]-.
Gold chloride is tidally soluble and decomposes on heating to give gold (III) chloride and hydrogen chloride. Humidity should also be considered during storage and handling.
Aqueous solutions of gold chloride are orange-yellow in color. When exposed to light, aqueous solutions of gold chloride decompose to form a purple-gold colloid.
Gold chloride is a trivalent gold chloride complex with the chemical formula HAuCl4. The tetrachloride gold (III) acid ion, [AuCl4]-, in solution takes the tetracoordinate planar quadrilateral form.
Gold chloride tetrahydrate is a pale yellow needle-like crystal containing oxonium ions. The chemical formula is H3O+AuCl4-・3H2O.
The molar mass of anhydrous gold chloride is 339.785 g/mol, while the molar mass of tetrahydrate is 411.85 g/mol. The density of tetrahydrate is 3.9 g/cm3.
Gold chloride is produced by dissolving gold in royal water or by reacting gold with chlorine in hydrochloric acid. Evaporation precipitation of this aqueous solution will yield tetrahydrate.
When heated, gold chloride decomposes into chlorine (Cl2), hydrogen chloride (HCl), and gold (Au). Specifically, when heated, it decomposes via AuCl3 and AuCl, and when heated strongly, chlorine is generated and Au remains.
Sodium gold chloride and potassium gold chloride are examples of gold chloride salts. Other known examples include alkaline earth metal salts, ammonium salts (NH4), cobalt salts (Co), and nickel salts (Ni).
The chemical formula for the salt of gold chloride and sodium is Na[AuCl4]. Sodium gold chloride is also called gold salt. Ordinary sodium gold chloride is dihydrate. It is formed when sodium chloride (NaCl) is added to a solution of HAuCl4 produced by dissolving gold in royal water.
Sodium gold chloride dihydrate is a yellow orthorhombic crystal containing planar square [AuCl4]-. The gold-chlorine bond (Au-Cl) distance is approximately 2.28 Å. Sodium gold chloride is soluble in water.
When heated, it loses Cl2 to give Na[AuCl2]. Sodium gold chloride is used as a raw material for the production of other gold compounds as well as for coloring photographs, ceramics, glass, and electrolytic gold plating solutions. Potassium gold chloride is another salt with similar properties to sodium gold chloride.
Gold chloride, when inhaled, irritates the mucous membranes of the nose, throat, and bronchi. Gold chloride in contact with the skin will leave red spots on the skin, and when gold chloride enters the eyes, it can severely irritate the mucous membranes.
In addition to this, inorganic gold salts are relatively dangerous because of their strong oxidizing and corrosive properties.
*Including some distributors, etc.
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Stanford Advanced Materials was established in 1994 in Lake Forest, California to provide rare-earth products for research and development purposes. Stanford Advanced Materials serves many industries ranging from automotive to fashion to energy to research to sports to textiles. Stanford Advanced Materials manufactures and distributes purified metals, ceramics, composite materials including strips, plates, rods, wires, and bars, as well as laboratory equipment and optical equipment including crystals, lenses, splitters, and windows.
Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., established in 1991 and headquartered in Dallas, Texas, is an American manufacturer and supplier specializing in biological products for medical research. Initially providing antibodies to the research community, they expanded their offerings to include gene silencers like siRNA and shRNA (plasmid and lentiviral), targeting all known mouse and human genes. Over time, Santa Cruz Biotechnology provides over 175,000 research biochemicals under the brand ChemCruz, including protein-interacting inhibitors, substrates, and activators, tailored for studying protein functions. The company offers monoclonal primary antibodies, designed for various mammalian and non-mammalian protein targets, along with corresponding binding secondary antibodies.
Kanto Chemical Co. Inc., founded in 1944 and headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, is a reagent manufacturer with overseas affiliates in other countries, including China, France, USA, Taiwan, and Malaysia. Its product portfolio includes analytical reagents, ionic liquids, Iodine compounds, ultra-pure chemicals, and water analysis kits. The company is also developing regenerative medicine and genetics reagents and has over 50,000 products. It has several certifications, including ISO 9001, acquired in 1994, making it the first Japanese company in the reagent industry. Other certifications are ISO 14001, ISO 13485, and ISO/IEC 17025.
Junsei Chemical Co. Ltd., established in 1948 and headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, is a manufacturer of chemical reagents and chemical products, including commissioned synthesis of chemical products. Some of the products it makes include Sodium chloride solution, concentrated glycerin, calcium chloride, ascorbic acid, and nitric acid. The chemical products have a wide range of applications and can be used in pathological examination, as food additives, for analysis, and in the pharmaceutical industry. All its plants, including its research institute, are ISO4001 and ISO9001 certified, while its Saitama and Ibaraki plants are equipped with buildings that comply with GMP.
Kishida Chemical Co. Ltd., established in 1924 and headquartered in Osaka, Japan, is a manufacturer of reagents and high-purity chemicals and also does drug discovery support activities. Its product portfolio includes fine chemicals, research chemicals, ionic liquid, organic micro-analytical reagents, and chemical reagents for analysis. The products support several industries, including reagent business, battery material, drug discovery, and life science. The company is ISO 14001 certified and supplies several companies worldwide, including Meterion Advanced Chemicals Inc., Acros Organics, ChemBridge Corporation, Decon Laboratories, and InerBioScreen Ltd.
Indane Chemical Company is a manufacturer and supplier of precious metal salts and platinum products. Established in 2002 in Mumbai, Maharashtra, the company produces platinum wires, foils, and dishes, as well as goods fabricated from palladium, gold, and silver. These supply client manufacturers of accessories and ornaments in the jewelry market. Aside from precious metals products, the company also offers other products including platinum alumina catalyst and plastic primer, as well as 2k series lacquers, hardeners, and thinners. These are used by client companies in oil and gas, biodegradable detergents, and consumer electronics.
Shanghai Runwu Chemical Technology Co., Ltd., established in 2011, is a manufacturer of organic intermediates, noble metal catalysts, nanomaterials, and rare metals. The company's products include platinum catalysts, sulfides, and metal powders used in medicine, new energy, biology, environmental protection, and research institutions in domestic and foreign countries. The company has an ISO 9001:2008 certified quality management and has a Certificate of Conformity For Goods Exported to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Zhengzhou Alfa Chemical Co., Ltd. (ZACC) is a manufacturer of organic chemicals and catalysts established in 2010 and based in Jiaozuo, Henan. The company primarily produces pharmaceutical and organic intermediates as well as photoelectric materials for customers in life science, polymers, dyes, and metallurgy. The company's product lineup includes condensed ring compounds, heterocyclic compounds, COFS/MOFS, and metal catalysts. These supply client corporations such as Bayer AG, Pfizer Inc., and Sumitomo Chemical Company, Ltd. ZACC also offers gram- to ton-level contract synthesis and production services.
Suvidhinath Laboratories was founded in 1985 and is headquartered in Gujarat, India. The company is an ISO 9001-2008 certified exporter, manufacturer, trader, and supplier of laboratory chemicals and reagents to global customers, especially across South East Asia and the Gulf countries. The company’s client list includes Cadila Pharmaceuticals Limited, Gujarat State Fertilizers & Chemicals LTD, Deepak Nitrite Limited, and Indian OIl. The company’s product categories include food-grade chemicals, pharmaceutical chemicals, laboratory chemicals, and industrial chemicals.
Millipore Sigma, formerly known as Sigma-Aldrich, was created in 175 through the merger of Sigma Chemical Company and Aldrich Chemical company and today is a subsidiary of Merck. Millipore Sigma is a life science and biotechnology company serving the industry with several products and services. Some of their product categories include peptide synthesis materials, biochemicals, building blocks, catalysts, chemical biology, chemical synthesis, flavors & fragrances, formulation, lab chemicals, lab safety, APIs, and stable isotopes. Services include characterization, contract manufacturing, custom products, software, support, testing, and mRNA development & manufacturing.
Nacalai Tesque Inc., founded in 1846 and headquartered in Kyoto, Japan, is a manufacturer of research chemicals, fine chemicals, diagnostics, and the related instruments. Some of its products include cytokines, nucleic acid electrophoresis, cell dissociation reagents, and sialic acid-related products, and it also offers custom and bulk service for bulk reagents and cell culture media. The company has more than 50 domestic distributors and several worldwide, including Asia, the Middle East, Oceania, Europe, and Africa. It is ISO 9001 and ISO 9002 certified, while the Kyoto South brand and Tesque factory are ISO 14001 certified.
Alfa Aesar is based in Lancashire, United Kingdom. Alfa Aesar is part of Thermo Fisher Scientific, is a manufacturer and supplier of chemicals, metals, and life science products for research and development. Alfa Aesar’s product lines include chemicals, life science, materials & metals, catalysts, and analytical & lab ware. Chemical offerings include inorganic compounds, organic compounds, organometallic, and solvents. Life sciences include biotechnology products, cellular & molecular biology, genomics, and immunology. Materials & metal include alloys, carbon, etchants, and more. Catalysts include ferrocenes, fuel cell products, and precious metals & catalysts. Alfa Aesar also offers custom manufacturing options.
Sky Chem, incorporated in 2014, is a renowned manufacturing company of industrial chemical powders based in India. The company manufactures and supplies of ammonium chloroplatinate powder, ruthenium red powder, silver nitrite powder, and many other similar products. These chemical powders are manufactured in abidance with the chemical industrial standards backed by a well-established manufacturing, R&D, quality testing, and a huge distribution network. They have a well-structured and large inventory that allows them to furnish a qualitative and quantitative range of products.
Ranking as of December 2024
Derivation Method| Rank | Company | Click Share |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Stanford Advanced Materials |
15.0%
|
| 2 | Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. |
15.0%
|
| 3 | Junsei Chemical Co.,Ltd. |
15.0%
|
| 4 | Indane Chemical Company |
10.0%
|
| 5 | MilliporeSigma |
10.0%
|
| 6 | Kishida Chemical Co.,Ltd. |
10.0%
|
| 7 | KANTO CHEMICAL CO.,INC. |
10.0%
|
| 8 | Shanghai Runwu Chemical Technology Co., Ltd. |
5.0%
|
| 9 | Alfa Aesar, Thermo Fisher Scientific. |
5.0%
|
| 10 | nacalai |
5.0%
|
Derivation Method
The ranking is calculated based on the click share within the gold chloride page as of December 2024. Click share is defined as the total number of clicks for all companies during the period divided by the number of clicks for each company.Number of Employees
Newly Established Company
Company with a History
*Including some distributors, etc.
*Including some distributors, etc.
| Country | Number of Companies | Share (%) |
|---|---|---|
|
Japan
|
4 | 33.3% |
|
India
|
3 | 25.0% |
|
United States of America
|
2 | 16.7% |
|
China
|
2 | 16.7% |
|
United Kingdom
|
1 | 8.3% |
