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This section provides an overview for nitrous acids as well as their applications and principles. Also, please take a look at the list of 4 nitrous acid manufacturers and their company rankings. Here are the top-ranked nitrous acid companies as of December, 2024: 1.XiXisys Group Co., Ltd., 2.Smolecule Inc..
Table of Contents
Nitrous acid is a weak and unstable inorganic acid, typically existing only in aqueous solution and vapor form. It is a pale blue compound with a chemical formula of HNO2. Nitrous acid is insoluble in water, acetonitrile, methanol, and ethanol, but it is soluble in chloroform.
Nitrous acid can be produced in an aqueous solution at low temperatures by reacting barium nitrite with dilute sulfuric acid or silver nitrite with hydrochloric acid and then filtering out the precipitate. It can also be generated by dissolving a mixture of nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide in ice water.
Nitrous acid is primarily used in the synthesis of diazonium salts, which are intermediates in the production of various aromatic compounds. These salts are formed when nitrous acid reacts with organic amines. Nitrous acid and its salts are also used in the food industry as colorants for processed meats and as substances to inhibit botulism bacteria. They contribute to the bright red color of processed meat products, such as sausages, by interacting with heme iron.
Nitrous acid is a weak acid with a pKa of about 3.3, making it significantly less acidic than nitric acid. In its pure form, it is unstable and decomposes readily into nitric oxide and nitric acid in water. Nitrous acid exhibits both oxidative and reductive properties, being oxidized to nitric acid by strong oxidants, and reduced to various compounds like nitric oxide, hydroxylamine, and ammonia by different reducing agents. The standard redox potentials as an oxidizing and reducing agent are E° = 0.996 V and E° = 1.093 V, respectively.
In the gas phase, nitrous acid has a structure of H-O-N-O with bond angles of ∠HON and ∠ONO being 102° and 111°, respectively. It exists in both cis and trans forms, with the trans form being more stable. The molecular mass of nitrous acid is 47.01.
Nitrous acid reacts with secondary amines to form nitrosamines and with aromatic primary amines to produce aromatic diazonium ions, which are used in the Sandmeyer reaction and in the synthesis of azo compounds for dyes. Diazonium salts are reactive and contain the -N+≡N group.
Nitrous acid ions can coordinate with various metals to form complexes. Nitrogen-coordinated complexes are known as nitro complexes and oxygen-coordinated ones as nitrito complexes. Examples of nitrous acid salts include potassium nitrite (KNO2), calcium nitrite (Ca(NO2)2), silver nitrite (AgNO2), sodium nitrite (NaNO2), and barium nitrite (Ba(NO2)2).
*Including some distributors, etc.
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Smolecule Inc., founded in 2020 and headquartered in San Antonio, Texas, USA, is a manufacturer specializing in small-molecule compounds that are essential to biomedical research and pharmaceutical discovery. The company offers an array of products, including carbon nanomaterial, hydrophobic polymers, biological buffers, amino acids resin and reagents, and amino acid peptide and protein standards. These compounds have applications across various scientific disciplines, including material sciences, pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical manufacturing, analytical chemistry, protein biology, and chemistry and biochemical research.
Parchem was founded in 1999 and headquartered in Rochelle, New York. Parchem is a distributor of industrial chemicals. Parchem serves nutritional, personal care, pharmaceutical, and specialty chemical industries. Parchem offerings include coatings, adhesives, elastomers, industrial products, petrochemicals, oleochemicals, plastics, rubber, nutritional supplements, cosmetics, consumer products, catalysts, metallic salts, rare earths, flavors & fragrances, industrial & institutional, textiles, other food-related chemicals, dyes, finishes, chemicals for aerospace, oil gas drilling chemicals, electronics, and pharmaceuticals.
Merck, started in 1668 and based in Darmstadt, Germany, is a supplier of solutions and services for research, development, and manufacture of pharmaceutical and biotechnological drug therapies. The company serves the life science industry and has a broad portfolio of 300,000 products, including biopharmaceutical manufacturing, industrial microbiology, reagent, life science research, and water purification products. It is available in 66 countries, brings together six brands, and has several ISO certifications, including ISO 13485, ISO 14001, ISO 13485, and ISO 50001.
Ranking as of December 2024
Derivation Method| Rank | Company | Click Share |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | XiXisys Group Co., Ltd. |
75.0%
|
| 2 | Smolecule Inc. |
25.0%
|
Derivation Method
The ranking is calculated based on the click share within the nitrous acid page as of December 2024. Click share is defined as the total number of clicks for all companies during the period divided by the number of clicks for each company.Number of Employees
Newly Established Company
Company with a History
*Including some distributors, etc.
*Including some distributors, etc.
| Country | Number of Companies | Share (%) |
|---|---|---|
|
United States of America
|
2 | 66.7% |
China
|
1 | 33.3% |
