This section provides an overview for bilirubin as well as their applications and principles. Also, please take a look at the list of 9 bilirubin manufacturers and their company rankings. Here are the top-ranked bilirubin companies as of November, 2024: 1.LobaChemie Pct.Ltd., 2.FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation, 3.RXChemicals.
Table of Contents
Bilirubin is an organic compound that is a metabolite of heme (heme iron).
It has the chemical formula C33H36N4O6 and a chain-like molecular structure consisting of four pyrrole rings connected in a linear chain. In humans and animals, it is excreted through bile and urine.
It has a molecular weight of 584.66 and a melting point of 192°C. It is a reddish yellow to yellowish red powder at room temperature. It is almost insoluble in water, but soluble in benzene, chloroform, chlorobenzene, carbon disulfide, acids, and alkalis. It is slightly soluble in ethanol and ether.
Bilirubin levels are used as an indicator of liver function in blood tests. Bilirubin before being processed by the liver is called indirect bilirubin, and after being processed is called direct bilirubin: the sum of both is called total bilirubin.
The normal level of total bilirubin is 0.2 to 1.2 mg/dL, and when this level is exceeded, hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer disease are suspected. Bilirubin is a pigment formed when hemoglobin in red blood cells breaks down.
Bilirubin is processed (conjugated) in the liver and excreted as bile in the duodenum, but when liver function is impaired, bilirubin cannot be processed, and a large amount of bilirubin remains in the blood. This is called jaundice, which is a yellowing of the skin, sclera, and mucous membranes.
Even though bilirubin is a pigment molecule, it is not widely used as a pigment. It is found in animal bile and is sometimes used in various studies.
Bilirubin has an open chain-like structure with four pyrrole rings and is classified as a type of tetrapyrrole. This structure contrasts with the four pyrroles, forming a large porphyrin ring in heme.
It functions as a dye molecule and has an absorption maximum wavelength of 451-455 nm. Bilirubin is very similar in structure to phycobilin, a pigment used by seaweeds to absorb light.
It is also known that when exposed to light, the double bond in bilirubin is isomerized, increasing its water solubility, and this has been applied in phototherapy to treat neonatal jaundice.
Bilirubin in vivo is divided into two types: before it is transported to the liver (indirect bilirubin) and after it is processed by the liver (direct bilirubin).
Although bilirubin is a biological substance, it is also sold as an isolated compound. It is generally sold as a reagent product for research and development, which requires refrigeration (-20°C) for storage and transport. It is available in quantities of 100 mg and 1 g.
Senescent or damaged red blood cells are broken down in the spleen. Bilirubin is a breakdown product of heme, a major component of red blood cells which is metabolized during this process.
Heme is broken down into biliverdin by heme oxygenase (HMOX) and biliverdin is reduced by the action of biliverdin reductase, leading to bilirubin.
Bilirubin is then transported to the liver by binding to a plasma protein, albumin, where it undergoes glucuronidation by glucuronyltransferase in the liver.
The conjugation makes bilirubin more soluble in water. This reaction is mediated by uridine diphosphate-glucuronyltransferase (UDPGUTF). Bilirubin is secreted by the liver in this form as bile.
*Including some distributors, etc.
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ALPHA CHEMICA, established in 1985, is an Indian manufacturer and supplier of laboratory reagents and fine chemicals, headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra. Their wide range of products includes high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), analytical reagent/guaranteed reagent (AR/GR), laboratory reagents (LRs), and fine chemicals, catering to life science and other specialty research. During the COVID-19 pandemic and its aftermath, ALPHA CHEMICA offered BactGO, a disinfectant solution with stabilized hydrogen peroxide using silver-based chemistry, and BaVi-X, a 75% alcohol-based hand sanitizer.
Loba Chemie Pvt. Ltd. is a Mumbai-based manufacturer and supplier of laboratory and fine chemicals, catering to industries such as pharmaceuticals, food, research, hospitals, and universities since its establishment in 1975. Their product range includes pH indicators, biological stains, HPLC solvents, high purity acids, and tetrazolium salts and derivatives. These products serve various applications like pH testing, cell and tissue staining, chemical separation, and pharmaceutical manufacturing. The company has several certifications, such as ISO/IEC 17025:2017 and ISO 9001:2015.
FujiFilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation, founded in 1922 and headquartered in Osaka, Japan, is a manufacturer of laboratory chemicals, specialty chemicals, and clinical diagnostic reagents. The company has three business domains, namely laboratory chemicals, specialty chemicals, and clinical diagnostic reagents, and some of its products include biochemistry reagents, blood transfusion test drugs, battery materials, polymer-related materials, and general reagents. The products are useful in various fields, including electronic, cosmetic, polymeric, pharmaceutical, and medical care. It acquired Sibayagi Co. Ltd. in 2015 and provides custom manufacturing to meet customer requirements.
SUVCHEM, established in 2004 and headquartered in Mumbai, India, is a manufacturer and exporter of laboratory chemicals and reagents. Their diverse product range includes organic and inorganic chemicals utilized in pharmaceuticals, plastics, water treatment, and more. They also offer biological stains and indicators for laboratory applications like cell culture and DNA analysis, along with culture media ingredients for growing microorganisms. SUVCHEM's products cater to schools, colleges, research laboratories, pharmaceutical and chemical companies, and other industries, supporting teaching, research, product development, and manufacturing processes across various sectors.
Sisco Research Laboratories Pvt. Ltd. was established in 1975 and is headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. The company manufactures highly complex reagents and biochemicals for public and private customers across industries with over 5000 products in different grades and packing sizes across product segments. The company’s 6 product categories are General Laboratory Chemicals & Solvents, Biochemicals & Specialty Fine Chemicals, Animal Cell Culture, Nanotechnology Products, Dehydrated Culture Media & Media Kits, and Biolit™ range of DNA and Protein tools.
RX Chemicals was founded in Mumbai, India, in 2011. RX Chemicals sells chemical-based products for many sectors including automobile, agriculture, airline, medicine, and accessories. Automobile products include carwash shampoo, compressor cleaner, and interior cleaners. Agricultural products include fungicides, herbicides, and pesticides. Airline products include exterior products such as deicing fluid, as well as interior products such as solvent cleaner. The company also provides a range of services including chemical inspection, logistics, chemical usage supervision, as well as tank cleaning.
Founded in 1981, Central Drug House Ltd. serves the scientific community via manufacturing and marketing a library of over 9,000 products to laboratory fine chemicals and dehydrated culture media with emphasis on purity and service. Examples are acids & bases, adsorbents, disinfectants, indicator papers, oils, and solvents. CDH provides bio chemicals, research chemicals, laboratory reagents, various solvents, stains & indicators, and dehydrated culture media. CDH is ISO 9001 certified and CDHs’ products are in compliance with specifications of IP, BP, USP, and EP standards.
BioCrick Co., Ltd is located in Chengdu Tianfu Life Science Park in Sichuan Province, China. The company creates a natural product library which provides small molecular compounds with potential biological and pharmacological activities for pharmaceutical, agricultural, and biotechnology companies worldwide. The company’s database includes more than 8,000 compounds collected from natural sources such as as medicinal plants, herbs, fungus, and microbes. The company also a provider of peptides and lab reagents for biological research, carrying a product line in apoptosis, epigenetic, and cancer biology.
Founded in Mumbai, India in 2006, Otto Chemie Pvt. Ltd. is an ISO 9001:2015 & GMP certified chemical manufacturing company and distributor. Otto Chemie serves customers in many industries including agriculture and food processing, pharmaceuticals, oil & gas, cement, as well as educational and R&D industries. Product offerings include antibiotics, amino acids, vitamins, detergents, ionic liquids, materials science compounds, labware, oil, metal & ceramic science compounds and tools, oils, reagents, solvents.
Ranking as of November 2024
Derivation MethodRank | Company | Click Share |
---|---|---|
1 | LobaChemie Pct.Ltd. |
27.3%
|
2 | FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation |
27.3%
|
3 | RXChemicals |
9.1%
|
4 | SUVCHEM |
9.1%
|
5 | Alpha Chemica |
9.1%
|
6 | SRL |
9.1%
|
7 | Central Drug House |
9.1%
|
Derivation Method
The ranking is calculated based on the click share within the bilirubin page as of November 2024. Click share is defined as the total number of clicks for all companies during the period divided by the number of clicks for each company.Number of Employees
Newly Established Company
Company with a History
*Including some distributors, etc.
Country | Number of Companies | Share (%) |
---|---|---|
India | 6 | 85.7% |
Japan | 1 | 14.3% |