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This section provides an overview for trichloroethane as well as their applications and principles. Also, please take a look at the list of 7 trichloroethane manufacturers and their company rankings.
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Trichloroethane is an organic halogen compound with the molecular formula C2H3Cl3.
It is classified into two types, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and 1,1,2-trichloroethane, based on the position of the chlorine atom. 1,1,1-trichloroethane, also known as chlorotene or methyl chloroform, exists as a colorless liquid at room temperature.
It irritates human skin and eyes and is designated as a hazardous substance to be labeled or notified by name under various laws.
1,1,1-trichloroethane, due to its ability to dissolve various organic compounds, was extensively used as an organic solvent for cleaning electronic components and as a paint solvent. However, its use has been largely discontinued worldwide since its classification as an ozone-depleting substance under the Montreal Protocol.
1,1,1-trichloroethane has a melting point of -30°C and a boiling point of 74°C. It is volatile and possesses excellent cleaning capabilities.
While generally classified as a nonpolar solvent, it exhibits a slight degree of polarity due to the presence of three chlorine atoms with high electronegativity, which are biased to one side of the molecule.
1,1,1-trichloroethane and 1,1,2-trichloroethane are structurally related isomers, both featuring three of the four hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon atom of ethane replaced by a chlorine atom.
The molecular formula of 1,1,1-trichloroethane is CH3CCl3, with a molecular weight of 133.40 and a density of 1.34g/cm3.
1,1,1-trichloroethane can be industrially synthesized in two steps from the raw material chloroethylene. First, chloroethylene reacts with hydrogen chloride at 20-50°C, using catalysts like aluminum chloride, iron (III) chloride, or zinc chloride, to produce 1,1-dichloroethane. Subsequently, 1,1-dichloroethane reacts with chlorine under UV irradiation to yield 1,1,1-trichloroethane.
The yield is approximately 80-90%, with the generated hydrogen chloride being reusable. Although the main byproduct is the structural isomer 1,1,2-trichloroethane, it can be separated by distillation.
A small amount of 1,1,1-trichloroethane can also be obtained from the reaction of 1,1-dichloroethene (vinylidene chloride) with hydrogen chloride using iron (III) chloride as a catalyst.
The Montreal Protocol identified 1,1,1-trichloroethane as one of the compounds contributing to ozone layer depletion, leading to its global prohibition starting in 1996. Consequently, its atmospheric concentration is rapidly declining due to its relatively short lifespan of 5 years.
Also known as trichloroethane, 1,1,2-trichloroethane has a melting point of -6°C and a boiling point of 114°C. With a molecular weight of 133.40 and a density of 1.44g/cm3, it appears as a colorless liquid at room temperature, emitting a sweet aroma. Its specific formula is C2H3Cl3.
It exhibits a central nervous system depressant effect, with inhalation leading to symptoms such as headache and nausea. Unlike 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 1,1,2-trichloroethane is not designated as an ozone-depleting substance. Therefore, it continues to be utilized as an organic solvent and serves as a synthetic intermediate of 1,1-dichloroethane.
*Including some distributors, etc.
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Kanto Chemical Co. Inc., founded in 1944 and headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, is a reagent manufacturer with overseas affiliates in other countries, including China, France, USA, Taiwan, and Malaysia. Its product portfolio includes analytical reagents, ionic liquids, Iodine compounds, ultra-pure chemicals, and water analysis kits. The company is also developing regenerative medicine and genetics reagents and has over 50,000 products. It has several certifications, including ISO 9001, acquired in 1994, making it the first Japanese company in the reagent industry. Other certifications are ISO 14001, ISO 13485, and ISO/IEC 17025.
Hangzhou Keying Chem Co., Ltd. (HKC) is a Chinese manufacturer of fine chemicals and polymers that was established in 2010. Based in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, the company offers various fine chemicals such as reagents and catalysts, as well as polymers, active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), and feed additives. It also produces specialty chemicals including pesticides and natural as well as synthetic dyes. HKC products are used by clients in the agricultural and industrial sectors, including Mitsubishi Chemical, Sanofi, and Dow AgroSciences.
Hangzhou Better ChemTech Ltd, founded in 2001 and headquartered in Hangzhou, China, is a manufacturer of a range of chemicals. The company specializes in chemical production, management, application development, and brand promotion. Its product range includes vanillin, benzaldehyde, butyric acid, menthol, thymol, as well as antioxidant BHT, tributyrin, and ethyl butyrate. These products are used in various industries such as food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and more. The company has service centers located in Mumbai, India, along with cooperative production bases situated in both China and India.
Merck, started in 1668 and based in Darmstadt, Germany, is a supplier of solutions and services for research, development, and manufacture of pharmaceutical and biotechnological drug therapies. The company serves the life science industry and has a broad portfolio of 300,000 products, including biopharmaceutical manufacturing, industrial microbiology, reagent, life science research, and water purification products. It is available in 66 countries, brings together six brands, and has several ISO certifications, including ISO 13485, ISO 14001, ISO 13485, and ISO 50001.
Henan Tianfu Chemical Co., Ltd., founded in 2009, is a Chinese chemical manufacturer and supplier based in Zhengzhou, Henan. The company has developed over 500 compounds, mostly for fine applications in manufacturing and life science. Their product range includes electronic chemicals, ultraviolet (UV)-curing materials, ionic liquids, and pharmaceutical materials. Additionally, Henan Tianfu has expanded into the fine chemical market, offering noble metal catalysts, organic phosphine ligands, and organic light-emitting diode (OLED) intermediates. They are also involved in the development of pesticides and medical intermediates, as well as the analysis and synthesis of electronic chemical materials.
Nacalai Tesque Inc., founded in 1846 and headquartered in Kyoto, Japan, is a manufacturer of research chemicals, fine chemicals, diagnostics, and the related instruments. Some of its products include cytokines, nucleic acid electrophoresis, cell dissociation reagents, and sialic acid-related products, and it also offers custom and bulk service for bulk reagents and cell culture media. The company has more than 50 domestic distributors and several worldwide, including Asia, the Middle East, Oceania, Europe, and Africa. It is ISO 9001 and ISO 9002 certified, while the Kyoto South brand and Tesque factory are ISO 14001 certified.
Founded in Mumbai, India in 2006, Otto Chemie Pvt. Ltd. is an ISO 9001:2015 & GMP certified chemical manufacturing company and distributor. Otto Chemie serves customers in many industries including agriculture and food processing, pharmaceuticals, oil & gas, cement, as well as educational and R&D industries. Product offerings include antibiotics, amino acids, vitamins, detergents, ionic liquids, materials science compounds, labware, oil, metal & ceramic science compounds and tools, oils, reagents, solvents.
Number of Employees
Newly Established Company
Company with a History
*Including some distributors, etc.
| Country | Number of Companies | Share (%) |
|---|---|---|
|
Japan
|
2 | 40.0% |
|
China
|
2 | 40.0% |
|
India
|
1 | 20.0% |
