This section provides an overview for salicylic acid as well as their applications and principles. Also, please take a look at the list of 10 salicylic acid manufacturers and their company rankings. Here are the top-ranked salicylic acid companies as of November, 2024: 1.The Andhra Sugars Limited., 2.BioCrick, 3.Graham Chemical.
Table of Contents
Salicylic acid is a compound used in topical applications for skin disorders and as an analgesic oral medication. However, if taken as is, salicylic acid may cause peritonitis due to gastrointestinal side effects. It is a beta-hydroxy acid and one of the plant hormones.
Salicylic acid is relatively easy to chemically synthesize. It is also widely found in nature, specifically in the species Cyperus rotundus and Cyperus rotundus. It is also present in the form of methyl salicylate, an ester of salicylic acid, in plant essential oils such as wintergreen oil and birch oil.
Salicylic acid has bactericidal, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and skin-softening properties. For this reason, it is often used in the pharmaceutical field, mainly as a topical agent for skin diseases. In addition, acetylsalicylic acid, a derivative of salicylic acid, can be widely used as an analgesic oral drug because its side effects when taken internally are reduced while maintaining the analgesic effect of salicylic acid.
Furthermore, it is also used in facial cleansers for exfoliation, as a dye intermediate, and as an antiseptic. In the past, it was also used as a preservative in foods but is currently not available as a food additive.
Salicylic acid is a solid at room temperature and pressure, a colorless needle-like crystal with sublimation properties. Its melting point is 159°C, boiling point at 2.6 kPa is about 211°C, and its flash point and flash point are 157°C and 545°C, respectively.
It is soluble in ethanol and ether and insoluble in water. It is odorless and has a slightly sour taste.
Salicylic acid has the structure of a benzene with one hydrogen atom replaced by a carboxy group and one hydrogen atom in the ortho position of the carboxy group replaced by a hydroxyl group.
The chemical formula is C7H6O3 with a molar mass of 138.12 g/mol. The specific formula is HOC6H4COOH, and the density is 1.443 g/cm3.
Salicylic acid has a relatively simple chemical structure, so there is no need to extract it from willow, and its total synthesis is straightforward. Industrially, salicylic acid is liberated by reacting sodium phenoxide with carbon dioxide under high temperature and pressure, followed by the addition of sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid.
The process of producing salicylic acid using this series of reactions is called the Kolbe-Schmitt reaction. In contrast, the reaction of potassium phenoxide with carbon dioxide under the same conditions can introduce a carboxy group at the para position.
Para-hydroxybenzoic acid is formed in approximately 90% of the reactions. Methyl esters to butyl esters are called parabens and are used as preservatives.
Salicylic acid, which has a phenolic hydroxyl group, reacts with ferric chloride in an aqueous solution to produce a blue to reddish-purple color. Reaction with acetic anhydride results in acetylation to form acetylsalicylic acid. Acetylsalicylic acid is one of the typical antipyretic analgesics. It is a drug synonymous with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic, and antiplatelet effects.
One of the actions of salicylic acid is the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase). This is said to explain some of the effects of salicylic acid and Aspirin.
Salicylic acid administered to humans may be excreted directly from the kidneys into the urine without being metabolized. For example, even when salicylic acid is high in human blood, such as during poisoning when a large dose of acetylsalicylic acid is taken, a large amount of salicylic acid can still be excreted in the urine.
The excretion of salicylic acid in urine increases especially when the pH of the urine is tilted toward the alkaline side. When more than 50 μg/ml of salicylic acid is present in the urine, a color reaction occurs with ferric chloride solution.
*Including some distributors, etc.
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Graham Chemicals, established in 1988 is a global chemical distribution firm. Situated in Illinois, USA, they offer superior specialty chemical intermediates, surfactants, and performance additives. Some of their focuses include food, flavor, and fragrance industries and industrial and institutional markets. They also provide manufacturing services such as food grade and technical blending, reactions, and milling through their extensive supplier network. With their reliable services and competitive prices, they are known as one of the preferred chemical distributors in the United States.
Kanto Chemical Co. Inc., founded in 1944 and headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, is a reagent manufacturer with overseas affiliates in other countries, including China, France, USA, Taiwan, and Malaysia. Its product portfolio includes analytical reagents, ionic liquids, Iodine compounds, ultra-pure chemicals, and water analysis kits. The company is also developing regenerative medicine and genetics reagents and has over 50,000 products. It has several certifications, including ISO 9001, acquired in 1994, making it the first Japanese company in the reagent industry. Other certifications are ISO 14001, ISO 13485, and ISO/IEC 17025.
Junsei Chemical Co. Ltd., established in 1948 and headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, is a manufacturer of chemical reagents and chemical products, including commissioned synthesis of chemical products. Some of the products it makes include Sodium chloride solution, concentrated glycerin, calcium chloride, ascorbic acid, and nitric acid. The chemical products have a wide range of applications and can be used in pathological examination, as food additives, for analysis, and in the pharmaceutical industry. All its plants, including its research institute, are ISO4001 and ISO9001 certified, while its Saitama and Ibaraki plants are equipped with buildings that comply with GMP.
Kishida Chemical Co. Ltd., established in 1924 and headquartered in Osaka, Japan, is a manufacturer of reagents and high-purity chemicals and also does drug discovery support activities. Its product portfolio includes fine chemicals, research chemicals, ionic liquid, organic micro-analytical reagents, and chemical reagents for analysis. The products support several industries, including reagent business, battery material, drug discovery, and life science. The company is ISO 14001 certified and supplies several companies worldwide, including Meterion Advanced Chemicals Inc., Acros Organics, ChemBridge Corporation, Decon Laboratories, and InerBioScreen Ltd.
Merck, started in 1668 and based in Darmstadt, Germany, is a supplier of solutions and services for research, development, and manufacture of pharmaceutical and biotechnological drug therapies. The company serves the life science industry and has a broad portfolio of 300,000 products, including biopharmaceutical manufacturing, industrial microbiology, reagent, life science research, and water purification products. It is available in 66 countries, brings together six brands, and has several ISO certifications, including ISO 13485, ISO 14001, ISO 13485, and ISO 50001.
The Andhra Sugars Limited is a sugar manufacturer and supplier. Headquartered in Tanuku, India, the company was established in the year 1947. The company specializes in producing a wide array of products, including sugar, chemicals, and bio-products. The Andhra Sugars Limited puts energy on sustainability, hence operates across sectors such as food, pharmaceuticals, and renewable energy. Apart from its core products, the company offers services like waste management and energy generation, contributing to both economic growth and environmental responsibility.
Nacalai Tesque Inc., founded in 1846 and headquartered in Kyoto, Japan, is a manufacturer of research chemicals, fine chemicals, diagnostics, and the related instruments. Some of its products include cytokines, nucleic acid electrophoresis, cell dissociation reagents, and sialic acid-related products, and it also offers custom and bulk service for bulk reagents and cell culture media. The company has more than 50 domestic distributors and several worldwide, including Asia, the Middle East, Oceania, Europe, and Africa. It is ISO 9001 and ISO 9002 certified, while the Kyoto South brand and Tesque factory are ISO 14001 certified.
Founded in 1981, Central Drug House Ltd. serves the scientific community via manufacturing and marketing a library of over 9,000 products to laboratory fine chemicals and dehydrated culture media with emphasis on purity and service. Examples are acids & bases, adsorbents, disinfectants, indicator papers, oils, and solvents. CDH provides bio chemicals, research chemicals, laboratory reagents, various solvents, stains & indicators, and dehydrated culture media. CDH is ISO 9001 certified and CDHs’ products are in compliance with specifications of IP, BP, USP, and EP standards.
BioCrick Co., Ltd is located in Chengdu Tianfu Life Science Park in Sichuan Province, China. The company creates a natural product library which provides small molecular compounds with potential biological and pharmacological activities for pharmaceutical, agricultural, and biotechnology companies worldwide. The company’s database includes more than 8,000 compounds collected from natural sources such as as medicinal plants, herbs, fungus, and microbes. The company also a provider of peptides and lab reagents for biological research, carrying a product line in apoptosis, epigenetic, and cancer biology.
Ranking as of November 2024
Derivation MethodRank | Company | Click Share |
---|---|---|
1 | The Andhra Sugars Limited. |
15.2%
|
2 | BioCrick |
14.0%
|
3 | SEQENS |
12.9%
|
4 | Graham Chemical |
11.7%
|
5 | KANTO CHEMICAL CO.,INC. |
9.4%
|
6 | Central Drug House |
8.8%
|
7 | Kishida Chemical Co.,Ltd. |
8.2%
|
8 | Junsei Chemical Co.,Ltd. |
7.6%
|
9 | Merck |
7.6%
|
10 | nacalai |
4.7%
|
Derivation Method
The ranking is calculated based on the click share within the salicylic acid page as of November 2024. Click share is defined as the total number of clicks for all companies during the period divided by the number of clicks for each company.Number of Employees
Newly Established Company
Company with a History
*Including some distributors, etc.
*Including some distributors, etc.
Country | Number of Companies | Share (%) |
---|---|---|
Japan | 4 | 66.7% |
United States of America | 1 | 16.7% |
India | 1 | 16.7% |