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This section provides an overview for azetidine as well as their applications and principles. Also, please take a look at the list of 16 azetidine manufacturers and their company rankings. Here are the top-ranked azetidine companies as of December, 2024: 1.Synthonix, Inc., 2.SpiroChem, 3.BroadPharm.
Table of Contents
Azetidine is a saturated tetracyclic heterocyclic compound with the chemical formula C3H7N.
The CAS number is 503-29-7, and its other names include trimethyleneimine, azacyclobutane, and 1,3-propyleneimine.
Azetidine is classified as a flammable liquid and skin corrosive/irritant in the GHS classification. Azetidine is classified as a hazardous and flammable substance under the Industrial Safety and Health Law and as a Class 4 Petroleum No. 1 under the Fire Service Law.
The main uses of azetidine are in reagent products for research and development and organic synthesis materials. Azetidine can be synthesized with various protective groups on the nitrogen atom of the four-membered ring, which makes it a useful compound as a side chain for pharmaceuticals. Azetidine itself is not a frequently used compound, but its derivatives, azetidines, are used as pharmaceuticals.
Research on azetidine compounds as pharmaceuticals began in the late 1950s and is currently being conducted for use in rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, osteoporosis, and osteolysis, and as agents for the prevention or treatment of cancer. Azetidine and its derivatives are not abundant in nature, but naturally occurring derivatives such as mugineic acid and azetidine-2-carboxylic acid exist.
Azetidine has a molecular weight of 57.09, a boiling point of 61-62°C, and a colorless to pale yellow liquid appearance at room temperature. It has a characteristic odor.
The flash point is -21°C in a sealed flash point test. It has a density of 0.847 g/mL and is miscible with water. It is more basic than most secondary amines, and the acid dissociation constant pKa of conjugated acids is 11.29.
The reason for this is thought to be that the carbon chain has a ring structure, and the lone pair of nitrogen atoms is not easily sterically hindered and sticks out. It is highly flammable and corrosive to the skin.
Azetidine is a substance commonly sold as a reagent product for research and development. It is available in a variety of capacities, including 250 mg, 1 g, 5 g, and 25 g. Although it is offered in capacities that are easy to handle in the laboratory, it is a relatively expensive compound. It is usually a reagent product that is often stored under refrigeration.
Azetidine is also sold as a hydrochloride salt. Other derivatives include various compounds with substituents on the nitrogen atom, as well as compounds with substituents on the carbon atom, such as azetidine-2-carboxylic acid, azetidine-3-carboxylic acid, and azetidine-3-ol.
Azetidine is synthesized by the reaction of 3-bromopropylamine with potassium hydroxide and the reduction of p-toluenesulfonylazetidine with metallic sodium. p-Toluenesulfonylazetidine is obtained from 1,3-dibromopropane and p-toluenesulfonamide.
Azetidine opens the ring when heated in dilute hydrochloric acid to form 3-chloropropylamine, 3-aminopropanol, and other compounds. It is usually stable in a suitable storage environment, but heat, flame, and sparks should be avoided. Hazardous mixtures are strong oxidizing agents and strong acids.
Azetidine is classified in the GHS classification as
When handling, avoid heat, flame, and sparks, and wear appropriate protective equipment such as protective gloves, protective clothing, protective glasses, and protective masks. By law, the product is designated as Class 4 Inflammable Liquid, Petroleum No. 1, Hazardous Class II, Non-water soluble liquid under the Fire Service Act.
*Including some distributors, etc.
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BroadPharm, founded in San Diego, CA, in 2009 is a manufacturer of PEG Linkers, Click Chemistry reagents and Bio-labeling reagents such as Dye Labeling and Biotin Labeling. The company's product portfolio includes Lipids In Drug Delivery, Fluorescent Dye, Biotinylation Reagents, Dye Antibody Labeling Kit and Biotin Antibody Labeling Kit. Their products are used in industries such as Food and Beverage, Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology, Chemical and Petrochemical, Environmental Testing and healthcare.
MedChemExpress (MCE), is headquartered in Monmouth Junction, New Jersey, and is a supplier of research chemicals and biochemicals for laboratory and scientific use. The company’s product range includes biochemical assay reagents, isotope-labeled compounds, inhibitory antibodies, recombinant proteins, and fluorescent dyes. These products are used in various biopharmaceutical research and development fields, including areas such as infection, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, and autoimmune diseases. The company is ISO 19001 certified and provides testing services within the ISO 17025 framework, offering bulk and custom product services and support for metrological traceability.
Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., established in 1991 and headquartered in Dallas, Texas, is an American manufacturer and supplier specializing in biological products for medical research. Initially providing antibodies to the research community, they expanded their offerings to include gene silencers like siRNA and shRNA (plasmid and lentiviral), targeting all known mouse and human genes. Over time, Santa Cruz Biotechnology provides over 175,000 research biochemicals under the brand ChemCruz, including protein-interacting inhibitors, substrates, and activators, tailored for studying protein functions. The company offers monoclonal primary antibodies, designed for various mammalian and non-mammalian protein targets, along with corresponding binding secondary antibodies.
Synthonix, Inc., founded in 2003 and located in Wake Forest, North Carolina, USA, is a manufacturer and supplier of chemical research products and solutions. The company specializes in synthetic chemistry, specifically in the design and synthesis of complex molecules and building blocks for pharmaceutical and agrochemical applications. The company’s product line includes stannanes, fused rings, boronic acids, spirocycles, and azides. The company is ISO 9001:20015 certified, ensuring adherence to quality management systems.
FujiFilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation, founded in 1922 and headquartered in Osaka, Japan, is a manufacturer of laboratory chemicals, specialty chemicals, and clinical diagnostic reagents. The company has three business domains, namely laboratory chemicals, specialty chemicals, and clinical diagnostic reagents, and some of its products include biochemistry reagents, blood transfusion test drugs, battery materials, polymer-related materials, and general reagents. The products are useful in various fields, including electronic, cosmetic, polymeric, pharmaceutical, and medical care. It acquired Sibayagi Co. Ltd. in 2015 and provides custom manufacturing to meet customer requirements.
Kanto Chemical Co. Inc., founded in 1944 and headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, is a reagent manufacturer with overseas affiliates in other countries, including China, France, USA, Taiwan, and Malaysia. Its product portfolio includes analytical reagents, ionic liquids, Iodine compounds, ultra-pure chemicals, and water analysis kits. The company is also developing regenerative medicine and genetics reagents and has over 50,000 products. It has several certifications, including ISO 9001, acquired in 1994, making it the first Japanese company in the reagent industry. Other certifications are ISO 14001, ISO 13485, and ISO/IEC 17025.
Apollo Scientific Ltd, a subsidiary of Japan’s Central Glass Europe Limited, is a research chemicals manufacturer and supplier founded in 1993 and headquartered in Bredbury, United Kingdom. Performing chemical syntheses in their Manchester-based laboratories, Apollo Scientific offers a selection of over 100,000 chemical products, from fluorinated compounds to non-fluorinated building blocks, for research and industry applications. Their life science products include antibiotics and buffers, as well as customized products for stem cell, molecular biology, and proteomics research. Additionally, Apollo Scientific offers spectroscopy products, such as consumables for infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, as well as mass spectrometry standards.
TCI America (TCI) was founded in 1946 and is a worldwide manufacturer of specialty organic chemicals. The company produces organic laboratory chemicals as well as pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and functional materials. TCI’s product segments include Chemistry, Life Science, Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry, and Custom & Bulk. For materials science, the company manufactures battery materials, nanocarbon materials, and magnetic materials. For life sciences, the company produces antibodies, reagents, and chemicals for cancer research. The company produces HLC, NMR, various chemicals, and resins and media for analytical chemistry.
BLDpharm was founded in 2014 and headquartered in Shanghai, China is a manufacturer and supplier of various research chemicals. The company offers a wide range of laboratory chemicals including heterocycles, boron acids, amino acids, metal catalysts, and chiral compounds. These quality products find an array of applications as inhibitors for metabolic enzymes, pharmaceutical intermediates for antipsychotic drugs, catalysts for chiral resolving reagents, and material science for OLED material and synthesis intermediates.
Millipore Sigma, formerly known as Sigma-Aldrich, was created in 175 through the merger of Sigma Chemical Company and Aldrich Chemical company and today is a subsidiary of Merck. Millipore Sigma is a life science and biotechnology company serving the industry with several products and services. Some of their product categories include peptide synthesis materials, biochemicals, building blocks, catalysts, chemical biology, chemical synthesis, flavors & fragrances, formulation, lab chemicals, lab safety, APIs, and stable isotopes. Services include characterization, contract manufacturing, custom products, software, support, testing, and mRNA development & manufacturing.
Alfa Aesar is based in Lancashire, United Kingdom. Alfa Aesar is part of Thermo Fisher Scientific, is a manufacturer and supplier of chemicals, metals, and life science products for research and development. Alfa Aesar’s product lines include chemicals, life science, materials & metals, catalysts, and analytical & lab ware. Chemical offerings include inorganic compounds, organic compounds, organometallic, and solvents. Life sciences include biotechnology products, cellular & molecular biology, genomics, and immunology. Materials & metal include alloys, carbon, etchants, and more. Catalysts include ferrocenes, fuel cell products, and precious metals & catalysts. Alfa Aesar also offers custom manufacturing options.
AdooQ BioScience, founded in 2006 and headquartered in Irvine, California, is a supplier specializing in purity inhibitors, chemical probes and reference compounds. The company's product portfolio includes inhibitors for signaling pathways, epigenetics, apoptosis, stem cells, and proteins. These products serve as tools for researchers in academia as well as the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries, facilitating the execution of experiments, exploration of diseases, and the potential development of treatments and therapies. The company has established over 25 distributors in 30 different countries, along with service networks spanning five continents, thereby ensuring a worldwide reach.
APExBIO Technology LLC is a distributor and supplier of molecular biology tools based in Houston, Texas, United States. The company's product portofolio includes various products such as small molecule inhibitors, compound libraries, fluorescent labels, modified nucleotides, and assay kits. The products are used in various areas such as cancer, immunology, neurosciences, apoptosis, and epigenetics researches. The company offers various supporting services such as analytical services, custom organic synthesis, custom peptide synthesis, and bioinformatics services.
HAZMAT Resource, Inc., located in Irvine, California, USA, is a distributor of hazardous materials response equipment and materials. They specialize in personal protective equipment (PPE), testing devices, and technical reference materials for hazardous materials (hazmat) response. Their product range includes PPE such as suits, gloves, boots, and respirators to safeguard hazmat responders from dangerous substances. They offer various testing devices like meters, detectors, and kits for precise identification and measurement of hazardous materials. Additionally, the company provides technical reference materials like books, manuals, and software, equipping responders with essential knowledge on hazardous material properties and safe handling procedures.
Ranking as of December 2024
Derivation Method| Rank | Company | Click Share |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Synthonix, Inc. |
20.0%
|
| 2 | SpiroChem |
20.0%
|
| 3 | BroadPharm |
20.0%
|
| 4 | FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation |
20.0%
|
| 5 | KANTO CHEMICAL CO.,INC. |
20.0%
|
Derivation Method
The ranking is calculated based on the click share within the azetidine page as of December 2024. Click share is defined as the total number of clicks for all companies during the period divided by the number of clicks for each company.Number of Employees
Newly Established Company
Company with a History
*Including some distributors, etc.
*Including some distributors, etc.
| Country | Number of Companies | Share (%) |
|---|---|---|
|
United States of America
|
4 | 36.4% |
|
Japan
|
3 | 27.3% |
|
United Kingdom
|
2 | 18.2% |
Switzerland
|
2 | 18.2% |
