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This section provides an overview for cyclohexane as well as their applications and principles. Also, please take a look at the list of 14 cyclohexane manufacturers and their company rankings. Here are the top-ranked cyclohexane companies as of December, 2024: 1.Chevron Phillips Chemical, 2.KANTO CHEMICAL CO.,INC., 3.GJ Chemical.
Table of Contents
Figure 1. Basic information on cyclohexane
Cyclohexane is a type of cycloalkane formed by hydrogenation of benzene, etc. It is widely used as a solvent. It is also called hexamethylene or hexahydrobenzene.
Cyclohexane is a colorless liquid with an odor similar to gasoline. It has a molecular formula of C6H12, a molecular weight of 84.16, a boiling point of 80.74°C, and a density of 0.779 g/mL.
Cyclohexane exists in stereoisomers called chair, boat, half chair, and twisted boat forms, with the chair form being the most stable.
Cyclohexane is used as a raw material for caprolactam and adipic acid, which are synthetic intermediates of nylon, and is most commonly used in the manufacture of nylon.
Other uses include solvents for paints, ethers, waxes, and rubbers, oil and fat extraction, paint and varnish removers, solvent adhesives, and aerosol adhesives. As a solvent, it can be widely used for synthesis, cleaning, and other applications, as well as for analytical purposes, such as eluents for liquid chromatography analysis.
Cyclohexane is insoluble in polar solvents and soluble in organic solvents. It is highly volatile and extremely flammable.
Because of its anesthetic properties, it must be handled with care. For example, prolonged contact of cyclohexane with the skin, for example, can cause illnesses such as dermatitis. When inhaled, low concentrations can cause headaches, and high concentrations can cause disorientation. Particular attention should be paid to low concentrations, as it has almost no odor.
Figure 2. Conformation of cyclohexane
The most stable conformation of cyclohexane is chair-shaped, followed by twisted boat-shaped, boat-shaped, and semi-chair-shaped.
In the case of cyclohexane rings with substituents, other conformations may be more stable due to steric hindrance caused by the bulkiness of the substituents.
Industrially, the majority of cyclohexane is produced by catalytic hydrogenation of benzene using palladium or nickel catalysts. Methylcyclopentane, produced in the process of petroleum reforming, can also be converted to cyclohexane using a catalyst.
Industrially obtained cyclohexane is converted to cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone, which are eventually converted to ε-caprolactam, hexamethylenediamine, and adipic acid. These compounds can be used as raw materials for 6-nylon and 6,6-nylon.
Figure 3. Ring inversion of cyclohexane
In the chair conformation of cyclohexane and other cyclic compounds with a cyclohexane-type structure, a distinction is made between substituents parallel and perpendicular to the ring plane. Substituents parallel to the ring plane are called equatorial, and those perpendicular to the ring plane are called axial.
Because of free rotation at each of the bonding axes that form the ring, cyclohexane goes through a fuselage conformation and the two chair-shaped conformations swap places with each other. This is called ring inversion. Through ring inversion, it is possible for an equatorial to change to an axial orientation and an axial to an equatorial orientation.
The distance between substituents is closer in the axial form than in the equatorial form. In the case of cyclohexane rings with bulky substituents, it is also known that the substituents avoid the axial form and predominantly take the equatorial form, since this affects the stability of the stereo conformation.
*Including some distributors, etc.
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Chevron Phillips Chemical, established in 2000 through a joint venture between Chevron Corporation and Phillips 66 Company, is an American petrochemical manufacturer based in The Woodlands, Texas. The company serves a wide range of industrial and commercial sectors. In the automotive industry, Chevron Phillips Chemical offers specialty chemicals to enhance lubricant performance in base oils and metalworking fluids, making vehicles lighter, safer, and more comfortable. In the food and agriculture industry, they provide chemical products like ethylene for product packaging and light pyrolysis oil (LPO) that acts as an insecticide to maintain the quality and safety of food and agricultural goods.
G.J. Chemical is a family-owned company based in Newark, New Jersey. G.J. Chemical serves chemical distributors, laboratories, and a variety of end users with high purity chemical products and custom services. G.J. Chemical capabilities include testing, bulk storage, custom blending, liquid bulk handling, and purifying. G.J. Chemical’s chemical products include reagents, acrylate monomers, hand sanitizers, and isopropyl alcohol. These are made to USP, FCC, Reagent ACS, military grade, and other standards.
Parchem was founded in 1999 and headquartered in Rochelle, New York. Parchem is a distributor of industrial chemicals. Parchem serves nutritional, personal care, pharmaceutical, and specialty chemical industries. Parchem offerings include coatings, adhesives, elastomers, industrial products, petrochemicals, oleochemicals, plastics, rubber, nutritional supplements, cosmetics, consumer products, catalysts, metallic salts, rare earths, flavors & fragrances, industrial & institutional, textiles, other food-related chemicals, dyes, finishes, chemicals for aerospace, oil gas drilling chemicals, electronics, and pharmaceuticals.
Graham Chemicals, established in 1988 is a global chemical distribution firm. Situated in Illinois, USA, they offer superior specialty chemical intermediates, surfactants, and performance additives. Some of their focuses include food, flavor, and fragrance industries and industrial and institutional markets. They also provide manufacturing services such as food grade and technical blending, reactions, and milling through their extensive supplier network. With their reliable services and competitive prices, they are known as one of the preferred chemical distributors in the United States.
Sankyo Chemical Co. LTD., established in 1957 and headquartered in Nagoya, Japan, is a manufacturer of several intermediate materials, including paints, industrial cleaning agents, thinners, organic industrial chemicals, and adhesives. The products can be used in several areas, including silk screen printing, wiping off resin, washing agents for flux, metal processing, and mold forming. The company accepts contract manufacturing and provides several environmentally friendly products that comply with ISO 14001, the Industrial Safety and Health Law, and the PRTR (Pollutant Release and Transfer Register) Law.
Kanto Chemical Co. Inc., founded in 1944 and headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, is a reagent manufacturer with overseas affiliates in other countries, including China, France, USA, Taiwan, and Malaysia. Its product portfolio includes analytical reagents, ionic liquids, Iodine compounds, ultra-pure chemicals, and water analysis kits. The company is also developing regenerative medicine and genetics reagents and has over 50,000 products. It has several certifications, including ISO 9001, acquired in 1994, making it the first Japanese company in the reagent industry. Other certifications are ISO 14001, ISO 13485, and ISO/IEC 17025.
Junsei Chemical Co. Ltd., established in 1948 and headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, is a manufacturer of chemical reagents and chemical products, including commissioned synthesis of chemical products. Some of the products it makes include Sodium chloride solution, concentrated glycerin, calcium chloride, ascorbic acid, and nitric acid. The chemical products have a wide range of applications and can be used in pathological examination, as food additives, for analysis, and in the pharmaceutical industry. All its plants, including its research institute, are ISO4001 and ISO9001 certified, while its Saitama and Ibaraki plants are equipped with buildings that comply with GMP.
Kishida Chemical Co. Ltd., established in 1924 and headquartered in Osaka, Japan, is a manufacturer of reagents and high-purity chemicals and also does drug discovery support activities. Its product portfolio includes fine chemicals, research chemicals, ionic liquid, organic micro-analytical reagents, and chemical reagents for analysis. The products support several industries, including reagent business, battery material, drug discovery, and life science. The company is ISO 14001 certified and supplies several companies worldwide, including Meterion Advanced Chemicals Inc., Acros Organics, ChemBridge Corporation, Decon Laboratories, and InerBioScreen Ltd.
Gujarat State Fertilizers & Chemicals Limited, founded in Vadodara, Gujarat, in 1962 is a manufacturer of Fertilizers and Chemical products. The company's product portfolio includes water soluble fertilizers, sulfur based products, seeds, soil conditioners, and micro nutrients. The company serves markets including Medical, Agriculture, Consumer Goods, Industrial Manufacturing and Construction. The company also provides services including national distribution, product selection, customized services, farmer training program, technical support and customer service.
FujiFilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation, founded in 1922 and headquartered in Osaka, Japan, is a manufacturer of laboratory chemicals, specialty chemicals, and clinical diagnostic reagents. The company has three business domains, namely laboratory chemicals, specialty chemicals, and clinical diagnostic reagents, and some of its products include biochemistry reagents, blood transfusion test drugs, battery materials, polymer-related materials, and general reagents. The products are useful in various fields, including electronic, cosmetic, polymeric, pharmaceutical, and medical care. It acquired Sibayagi Co. Ltd. in 2015 and provides custom manufacturing to meet customer requirements.
Millipore Sigma, formerly known as Sigma-Aldrich, was created in 175 through the merger of Sigma Chemical Company and Aldrich Chemical company and today is a subsidiary of Merck. Millipore Sigma is a life science and biotechnology company serving the industry with several products and services. Some of their product categories include peptide synthesis materials, biochemicals, building blocks, catalysts, chemical biology, chemical synthesis, flavors & fragrances, formulation, lab chemicals, lab safety, APIs, and stable isotopes. Services include characterization, contract manufacturing, custom products, software, support, testing, and mRNA development & manufacturing.
GFS Chemicals was founded in 1928 and is based in Columbus, Ohio. GFS Chemicals is an ISO 9001:2015 certified manufacturer as well as a supplier of specialty and fine chemicals, serving customers worldwide. GFS serves an array of industries including pharmaceutical, electronics, energy, fragrances, agrichemical, and specialty polymers. GFS Chemicals supplies over 8,600 chemicals in the United States, available in both small and large quantities. GFS Chemicals also offers Karl Fischer reagents, PPT/PPB trace analysis grade acids, turbidity standards, and other high-quality materials.
Nacalai Tesque Inc., founded in 1846 and headquartered in Kyoto, Japan, is a manufacturer of research chemicals, fine chemicals, diagnostics, and the related instruments. Some of its products include cytokines, nucleic acid electrophoresis, cell dissociation reagents, and sialic acid-related products, and it also offers custom and bulk service for bulk reagents and cell culture media. The company has more than 50 domestic distributors and several worldwide, including Asia, the Middle East, Oceania, Europe, and Africa. It is ISO 9001 and ISO 9002 certified, while the Kyoto South brand and Tesque factory are ISO 14001 certified.
Metadynea Austria GmbH was founded in 1948 and is headquartered in Krems an der Donau, Austria, as a supplier of resins for the composite board business and a specialist in fine chemicals, surfacing materials, and flame retardants. Roughly 400,000 metric tons of these quality items are produced annually in technologically advanced manufacturing facilities. Currently, the workforce of Metadynea Austria comprises a total of 215 individuals. The Austrian location in Krems is a significant center for Product Development and Technical Service Competence, staffed by highly educated and experienced specialists.
Ranking as of December 2024
Derivation Method| Rank | Company | Click Share |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chevron Phillips Chemical |
21.9%
|
| 2 | KANTO CHEMICAL CO.,INC. |
12.5%
|
| 3 | GJ Chemical |
11.5%
|
| 4 | Junsei Chemical Co.,Ltd. |
10.4%
|
| 5 | SANKYO CHEMICAL CO.,LTD. |
9.4%
|
| 6 | Parchem |
7.3%
|
| 7 | Graham Chemical |
6.3%
|
| 8 | Metadynea Austria GmbH |
5.2%
|
| 9 | Kishida Chemical Co.,Ltd. |
4.2%
|
| 10 | nacalai |
4.2%
|
Derivation Method
The ranking is calculated based on the click share within the cyclohexane page as of December 2024. Click share is defined as the total number of clicks for all companies during the period divided by the number of clicks for each company.Number of Employees
Newly Established Company
Company with a History
*Including some distributors, etc.
*Including some distributors, etc.
| Country | Number of Companies | Share (%) |
|---|---|---|
|
Japan
|
6 | 50.0% |
|
United States of America
|
4 | 33.3% |
|
India
|
1 | 8.3% |
|
Austria
|
1 | 8.3% |
