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This section provides an overview for isooctane as well as their applications and principles. Also, please take a look at the list of 12 isooctane manufacturers and their company rankings. Here are the top-ranked isooctane companies as of December, 2024: 1.ChemPoint, 2.Chevron Phillips Chemical, 3.MilliporeSigma.
Table of Contents
Isooctane is one of the branched compounds of the eight-carbon saturated hydrocarbons.
In the fuel industry, it is called 2,2,4-trimethylpentane. Because of its stable combustion, it is used as a standard for octane rating (octane rating or octane number). Under the Fire Service Act, it is classified as a Class 4 Hazardous Substance, Petroleum No. 1.
| Chemical Formula | C8H18 |
| English Name | Isooctane |
| Molecular Weight | 114.23 |
Isooctane is used as a standard fuel (octane number 100) to measure octane number. It can also be used as a blending material for the production of high-octane gasoline. High-octane fuels have low anti-knock properties and are therefore suitable for running automobile engines.
Other applications include use as "solvents," "extraction solvents," "solvents for organic synthesis," "aerosol solvents," "agents for correction fluids," "metal cleaners," "inks," "paints," and "adhesives. Furthermore, it can be used as a "solvent for analysis" such as in high-performance liquid chromatography.
Isooctane has a melting point of -107°C and a boiling point of 99°C. It is a colorless liquid at room temperature and pressure and is found in trace amounts in petroleum.
It is insoluble in water but will mix with hydrocarbon solvents in any proportion.
Isooctane's molecular formula is C8H18, its molecular weight is 114.23, and its density is 0.69 g/cm3. It has a branched structure with three methyl groups attached to pentane. The specific formula is CH3C(CH3)2CH2CH(CH3)2.
There are 18 different structural isomers. However, if stereoisomers are also considered, there are 24 isomers.
Isooctane can be produced by alkylation of isobutane with isobutylene. It can also be obtained by dimerizing isobutylene with sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid and hydrogenating the resulting diisobutylene.
The octane number is a numerical value that expresses the resistance of gasoline to auto-ignition and knocking in the engine. The higher the octane number, the higher the knock resistance and anti-knock properties.
The octane number of isooctane, which has relatively high knock resistance among gasoline components, is 100, and that of n-heptane, which has low knock resistance, is 0. In other words, the octane number of a sample is the volume ratio of isooctane in a mixture of isooctane and n-heptane. In general, saturated hydrocarbons with more branches have higher knock resistance.
Main Chain: C8, C7
Octane, with 8 carbons in the main chain, is a structural isomer of isooctane. The structural isomers with 7 carbons in the main chain include 2-methylheptane, 3-methylheptane, and 4-methylheptane, which have one side chain.
Main Chain: C6
The structural isomer of isooctane with 6 carbons in the main chain includes 3-ethylhexane, which has one side chain. There are also 2,2-dimethylhexane, 2,3-dimethylhexane, 2,4-dimethylhexane, 2,5-dimethylhexane, 3,3-dimethylhexane and 3,4-dimethylhexane with two side chains.
Main Chain: C5, C4
Structural isomers of isooctane with 5 carbons in the main chain include 3-ethyl-2-methylpentane and 3-ethyl-3-methylpentane, which have two side chains, and 2,2,3-trimethylpentane, 2,3,3-trimethylpentane, and 2,3,4-trimethylpentane, which have three side chains.
Additionally, there is 2,2,3,3-tetramethylbutane, which has four side chains, as a structural isomer with four carbons in the main chain.
*Including some distributors, etc.
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Chevron Phillips Chemical, established in 2000 through a joint venture between Chevron Corporation and Phillips 66 Company, is an American petrochemical manufacturer based in The Woodlands, Texas. The company serves a wide range of industrial and commercial sectors. In the automotive industry, Chevron Phillips Chemical offers specialty chemicals to enhance lubricant performance in base oils and metalworking fluids, making vehicles lighter, safer, and more comfortable. In the food and agriculture industry, they provide chemical products like ethylene for product packaging and light pyrolysis oil (LPO) that acts as an insecticide to maintain the quality and safety of food and agricultural goods.
ChemCeed, founded in 2009 and headquartered in Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin, is a worldwide chemical supplier that is ISO 9001 certified. It provides chemicals like base oils, corrosion inhibitors, and specialty esters used in several industries, including construction, paper manufacturing, and water treatment. It also provides a broad selection of support services, including labeling, repackaging, and logistical support. The company stocks its products in several locations around the United States, including Chicago (IL), Philadelphia (PA, and Piscataway (NJ). In 2016, it received WBE certification and was NACD verified in 2023.
Kanto Chemical Co. Inc., founded in 1944 and headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, is a reagent manufacturer with overseas affiliates in other countries, including China, France, USA, Taiwan, and Malaysia. Its product portfolio includes analytical reagents, ionic liquids, Iodine compounds, ultra-pure chemicals, and water analysis kits. The company is also developing regenerative medicine and genetics reagents and has over 50,000 products. It has several certifications, including ISO 9001, acquired in 1994, making it the first Japanese company in the reagent industry. Other certifications are ISO 14001, ISO 13485, and ISO/IEC 17025.
Junsei Chemical Co. Ltd., established in 1948 and headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, is a manufacturer of chemical reagents and chemical products, including commissioned synthesis of chemical products. Some of the products it makes include Sodium chloride solution, concentrated glycerin, calcium chloride, ascorbic acid, and nitric acid. The chemical products have a wide range of applications and can be used in pathological examination, as food additives, for analysis, and in the pharmaceutical industry. All its plants, including its research institute, are ISO4001 and ISO9001 certified, while its Saitama and Ibaraki plants are equipped with buildings that comply with GMP.
Kishida Chemical Co. Ltd., established in 1924 and headquartered in Osaka, Japan, is a manufacturer of reagents and high-purity chemicals and also does drug discovery support activities. Its product portfolio includes fine chemicals, research chemicals, ionic liquid, organic micro-analytical reagents, and chemical reagents for analysis. The products support several industries, including reagent business, battery material, drug discovery, and life science. The company is ISO 14001 certified and supplies several companies worldwide, including Meterion Advanced Chemicals Inc., Acros Organics, ChemBridge Corporation, Decon Laboratories, and InerBioScreen Ltd.
Merck, started in 1668 and based in Darmstadt, Germany, is a supplier of solutions and services for research, development, and manufacture of pharmaceutical and biotechnological drug therapies. The company serves the life science industry and has a broad portfolio of 300,000 products, including biopharmaceutical manufacturing, industrial microbiology, reagent, life science research, and water purification products. It is available in 66 countries, brings together six brands, and has several ISO certifications, including ISO 13485, ISO 14001, ISO 13485, and ISO 50001.
Millipore Sigma, formerly known as Sigma-Aldrich, was created in 175 through the merger of Sigma Chemical Company and Aldrich Chemical company and today is a subsidiary of Merck. Millipore Sigma is a life science and biotechnology company serving the industry with several products and services. Some of their product categories include peptide synthesis materials, biochemicals, building blocks, catalysts, chemical biology, chemical synthesis, flavors & fragrances, formulation, lab chemicals, lab safety, APIs, and stable isotopes. Services include characterization, contract manufacturing, custom products, software, support, testing, and mRNA development & manufacturing.
Honeywell, founded in 1906, in Wabash, Indiana is manufacturer of automotive parts, building technologies, and performance and safety materials for aerospace, The company's product portfolio includes electronic guidance systems, cockpit instrumentation, lighting, automotive parts, and primary propulsion and secondary power turbine engines. The company serves industries such as Oil and Gas, Aerospace and Defense, Automotive and Transportation, Construction, and Power Generation. Their headquartere is located in Carolina and they have global sales offices and distributions channels.
Nacalai Tesque Inc., founded in 1846 and headquartered in Kyoto, Japan, is a manufacturer of research chemicals, fine chemicals, diagnostics, and the related instruments. Some of its products include cytokines, nucleic acid electrophoresis, cell dissociation reagents, and sialic acid-related products, and it also offers custom and bulk service for bulk reagents and cell culture media. The company has more than 50 domestic distributors and several worldwide, including Asia, the Middle East, Oceania, Europe, and Africa. It is ISO 9001 and ISO 9002 certified, while the Kyoto South brand and Tesque factory are ISO 14001 certified.
Carl Roth GmbH + Co. KG, established in 1879 and headquartered in Karlsruhe, Germany, is a manufacturer, distributor, and supplier of laboratory equipment, life science products, and chemicals. Their extensive product range encompasses analytical instruments, biological safety cabinets, heating mantles, pH meters, centrifuges, thermometers, and various chemicals. Their products support and facilitate laboratory research, analysis, and experimentation across various industries such as pharmaceutical, chemical, and environmental sectors. The company is certified according to DIN EN ISO 9001:2015 and DIN EN ISO 14001:2015.
HCS Group, founded in April 2013, is an international supplier of solutions for hydrocarbon specialties. The company provides sustainable solutions, resource responsibility, and positive relationships with employees, partners, and neighbors. HCS Group moves towards sustainability through various initiatives, including their ISCC PLUS certified mass balance Pentane portfolio for insulation industry support and the production of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) to reduce CO2 in aviation. Their expertise extends to transformer oil services and renewable isododecane production for cosmetics. With state-of-the-art manufacturing centers globally, HCS Group combines Specialty Chemicals and Petrochemicals expertise, emphasizing sustainability and economic growth.
ChemPoint, established in 1999 and a subsidiary of Univar Solutions Inc., is a fine and specialty chemical distributor headquartered in Bellevue, Washington. The company runs ChemPoint, a personalized e-distribution platform that enables the marketing and sales of specialty and fine chemicals in North America, Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. The platform features MarketConnect, a web-based tool that offers market transparency to customers and allows producers to review sales processes. ChemPoint offers a diverse range of specialty chemical products, including adhesives, lubricating fluids, polymers, sealants, and thermoplastics.
Ranking as of December 2024
Derivation Method| Rank | Company | Click Share |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | ChemPoint |
19.8%
|
| 2 | Chevron Phillips Chemical |
17.2%
|
| 3 | MilliporeSigma |
13.8%
|
| 4 | ChemCeed LLC |
11.2%
|
| 5 | Honeywell |
6.9%
|
| 6 | Junsei Chemical Co.,Ltd. |
6.9%
|
| 7 | Merck |
6.9%
|
| 8 | Carl Roth GmbH + Co. KG |
5.2%
|
| 9 | HCS Group |
4.3%
|
| 10 | KANTO CHEMICAL CO.,INC. |
4.3%
|
Derivation Method
The ranking is calculated based on the click share within the isooctane page as of December 2024. Click share is defined as the total number of clicks for all companies during the period divided by the number of clicks for each company.Number of Employees
Newly Established Company
Company with a History
*Including some distributors, etc.
*Including some distributors, etc.
| Country | Number of Companies | Share (%) |
|---|---|---|
|
Japan
|
4 | 50.0% |
|
United States of America
|
2 | 25.0% |
|
Germany
|
2 | 25.0% |
