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This section provides an overview for calcium oxalate as well as their applications and principles. Also, please take a look at the list of 14 calcium oxalate manufacturers and their company rankings. Here are the top-ranked calcium oxalate companies as of December, 2024: 1.Alpha Resources LLC, 2.KANTO CHEMICAL CO.,INC., 3.Otto Chemie Pvt. Ltd.
Table of Contents
Calcium oxalate is the oxalate of calcium.
It is found in plants and also occurs as an intermediate in the production of oxalic acid. At room temperature, it is a colorless needle-like crystal that is virtually insoluble in water.
It exists not only in anhydrous form but also in monohydrate and dihydrate (weddellite) forms. In plants, it is found in rhubarb leaves, yams, taros, capsicum, untreated konjac, and unripe pineapple.
In high concentrations, it causes skin irritation and a strong gustatory taste, and is toxic to the human body.
Calcium oxalate alone is used as a standard solution for qualitative and quantitative analysis of calcium and oxalate ions, as a glaze for ceramics, and in other applications. Calcium oxalate is generated as an intermediate in the production of oxalic acid.
When sulfuric acid is added to calcium oxalate, calcium sulfate precipitates and the oxalate ion is released. Calcium oxalate crystals precipitate when calcium sulfate is removed by filtration and the filtrate is evaporated.
Calcium oxalate is the oxalate of calcium and has the chemical formula CaC2O4. It can form monohydrate or dihydrate by coordination bonding with water.
Some laboratory reagents are sold in the monohydrate state, so it is necessary to check the labeling when using calcium oxalate in experiments. When calcium oxalate hydrate is heated to 200°C, it loses its crystalline species and becomes anhydrous.
The basic properties of calcium oxalate (molecular weight, specific gravity, and solubility) are as follows:
Calcium oxalate is highly irritating and corrosive to skin and mucous membranes. Wear protective equipment, such as nitrile gloves and protective glasses, to prevent contact with hands and eyes.
If calcium oxalate adheres to the skin, wash thoroughly with soap while rinsing under running water. Soap is used because the solubility of calcium oxalate is increased by raising the pH level, making it easier to wash off.
If it gets into the eye, wash the eye with running water with the face on the side so that the crystals of calcium oxalate can easily flow out of the eye. At this time, spread the eyelids with your fingers and move the eyeballs slowly while washing well behind the eyelids. If irritation persists in the eyes, medical attention is required.
Calcium oxalate is a skin irritant and is therefore designated as a "deleterious substance."
Calcium oxalate is also found in foods because it accumulates as a secondary metabolite in plants. Spinach, yams, and black tea are particularly rich in calcium oxalate.
Eating yam may cause itchy lips, because the calcium oxalate in the yam irritates the mucous membranes of the lips. Untreated konjak yam has even higher calcium oxalate content, so it is treated with strong alkali before being crushed, mixed, and coagulated into the food "konjac."
Touching a raw konnyaku potato with bare hands can cause irritation due to the calcium oxalate and may require hospital treatment. Some wild plants that grow in the mountains and fields also contain large amounts of calcium oxalate, such as the tenkansho plant, which grows wild.
It is important for risk management to know the forms of these plants from an illustrated book so that you do not accidentally touch them with your bare hands when camping or climbing mountains.
Calcium oxalate ingested from food is hardly excreted in urine because it is almost insoluble in water, and gradually accumulates in the body. Calcium oxalate in the body is deposited as crystals in the kidneys and urinary tract.
Calcium oxalate itself is nonflammable, but decomposition occurs when heated or exposed to strong oxidizing agents. Since toxic carbon monoxide is produced as a decomposition product, care must be taken to avoid inadvertent contact of calcium oxalate with heating elements or oxidizing agents.
*Including some distributors, etc.
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Spectrum Chemical MFG Corp. was founded in 1971, is headquartered in New Brunswick, New Jersey, and has facilities in Gardena, California. Spectrum is a fine chemical manufacturing company with an emphasis on USP, NF, FCC, BP, EP, JP, and ACS grade products, and is ISO 9001:2015 certified. Spectrum primarily serves the analytical, biopharmaceutical, food & beverage, personal care, and pharmaceutical chemicals industries. Spectrum has 4 product segments which are chemicals, equipment, supplies, and safety.
American Elements was founded in 1997 in California and currently has research and production facilities in Utah, Mexico, China, and the United Kingdom. AE manufactures and distributes advanced materials from a catalog of over 30,000 products for bulk industrial use as well as small scale laboratory use. AE also provides testing and analyses services including spectroscopy along with structural, thermal, and electrical analyses. AE holds sustainable development as a core corporate value and is committed to work to protect the health of the environment.
Parchem was founded in 1999 and headquartered in Rochelle, New York. Parchem is a distributor of industrial chemicals. Parchem serves nutritional, personal care, pharmaceutical, and specialty chemical industries. Parchem offerings include coatings, adhesives, elastomers, industrial products, petrochemicals, oleochemicals, plastics, rubber, nutritional supplements, cosmetics, consumer products, catalysts, metallic salts, rare earths, flavors & fragrances, industrial & institutional, textiles, other food-related chemicals, dyes, finishes, chemicals for aerospace, oil gas drilling chemicals, electronics, and pharmaceuticals.
Kanto Chemical Co. Inc., founded in 1944 and headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, is a reagent manufacturer with overseas affiliates in other countries, including China, France, USA, Taiwan, and Malaysia. Its product portfolio includes analytical reagents, ionic liquids, Iodine compounds, ultra-pure chemicals, and water analysis kits. The company is also developing regenerative medicine and genetics reagents and has over 50,000 products. It has several certifications, including ISO 9001, acquired in 1994, making it the first Japanese company in the reagent industry. Other certifications are ISO 14001, ISO 13485, and ISO/IEC 17025.
Junsei Chemical Co. Ltd., established in 1948 and headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, is a manufacturer of chemical reagents and chemical products, including commissioned synthesis of chemical products. Some of the products it makes include Sodium chloride solution, concentrated glycerin, calcium chloride, ascorbic acid, and nitric acid. The chemical products have a wide range of applications and can be used in pathological examination, as food additives, for analysis, and in the pharmaceutical industry. All its plants, including its research institute, are ISO4001 and ISO9001 certified, while its Saitama and Ibaraki plants are equipped with buildings that comply with GMP.
Kishida Chemical Co. Ltd., established in 1924 and headquartered in Osaka, Japan, is a manufacturer of reagents and high-purity chemicals and also does drug discovery support activities. Its product portfolio includes fine chemicals, research chemicals, ionic liquid, organic micro-analytical reagents, and chemical reagents for analysis. The products support several industries, including reagent business, battery material, drug discovery, and life science. The company is ISO 14001 certified and supplies several companies worldwide, including Meterion Advanced Chemicals Inc., Acros Organics, ChemBridge Corporation, Decon Laboratories, and InerBioScreen Ltd.
NEW ALLIANCE FINE CHEM PVT. LTD., established in 1986 with headquarters in India, is a manufacturer and exporter of a wide range of specialty chemicals to diversified markets worldwide. The company's products include chelating agents, amino acids, laboratory chemicals, food chemicals, and pharmaceutical intermediates. Some examples include EDTA derivatives, DTPA derivatives, bovine collagen peptide, soya peptone, and beef extract. NEW ALLIANCE FINE CHEM PVT. LTD. serves clients in the healthcare, veterinary, agriculture, and food industries, with big-name clients that include Johnson & Johnson, MSN Laboratories, Hindustan Unilever, and Procter & Gamble.
Pharmaffiliates, established in 2001 and located in Gurgaon, India, is a manufacturer of pharmaceutical standards and services. The company provides Certified Reference Standards (CRS) used in analytical methods, as well as drug delivery systems like tablets, capsules, injectables, and deuterated compounds that aid in research and development, studying drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. Pharmaffiliates also offers various services to the pharmaceutical industry, including custom synthesis, analytical research, stability studies, and formulation development.
Nacalai Tesque Inc., founded in 1846 and headquartered in Kyoto, Japan, is a manufacturer of research chemicals, fine chemicals, diagnostics, and the related instruments. Some of its products include cytokines, nucleic acid electrophoresis, cell dissociation reagents, and sialic acid-related products, and it also offers custom and bulk service for bulk reagents and cell culture media. The company has more than 50 domestic distributors and several worldwide, including Asia, the Middle East, Oceania, Europe, and Africa. It is ISO 9001 and ISO 9002 certified, while the Kyoto South brand and Tesque factory are ISO 14001 certified.
Xi’an Functional Material Group Co., LTD (FM) was founded in 2002 and headquartered in Xi’an, China. FM specializes in high purity film coating materials and inorganic compound powder materials. FM’s product lineup includes two segments, film coating materials and inorganic compound powder. Film coating materials emphasizes metal sputtering targets, metal alloy sputtering targets, ceramic sputtering targets, evaporation materials, as well as other materials. Inorganic compound powder unit includes high purity metal materials, rare earth materials, chalcogenide materials, halides, nitrides, bodies, silicate materials, and other advanced materials.
Founded in 1981, Central Drug House Ltd. serves the scientific community via manufacturing and marketing a library of over 9,000 products to laboratory fine chemicals and dehydrated culture media with emphasis on purity and service. Examples are acids & bases, adsorbents, disinfectants, indicator papers, oils, and solvents. CDH provides bio chemicals, research chemicals, laboratory reagents, various solvents, stains & indicators, and dehydrated culture media. CDH is ISO 9001 certified and CDHs’ products are in compliance with specifications of IP, BP, USP, and EP standards.
Celtic Chemicals, Ltd. was established in 1979 and headquartered in Port Talbot, United Kingdom. The company is a producer and trader of many chemical compounds including inorganic metallic salts, biogas, nutritional chemicals, pharmaceutical, and metal finishing for biotech, semiconductor, nutrition, and numerous other industries in laboratories achieved and maintained the standards of ISO 9001-2015 since 1993. Chemical compounds offered by the company are offered in both large quantities and quantities as small as 1 kilogram. For chemicals such as Zinc that require high purity, the company pre-blends micro elements to ensure consistent dispersion across entire batches.
Founded in Mumbai, India in 2006, Otto Chemie Pvt. Ltd. is an ISO 9001:2015 & GMP certified chemical manufacturing company and distributor. Otto Chemie serves customers in many industries including agriculture and food processing, pharmaceuticals, oil & gas, cement, as well as educational and R&D industries. Product offerings include antibiotics, amino acids, vitamins, detergents, ionic liquids, materials science compounds, labware, oil, metal & ceramic science compounds and tools, oils, reagents, solvents.
Ranking as of December 2024
Derivation Method| Rank | Company | Click Share |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Alpha Resources LLC |
13.6%
|
| 2 | KANTO CHEMICAL CO.,INC. |
13.6%
|
| 3 | Otto Chemie Pvt. Ltd |
9.1%
|
| 4 | Spectrum Chemical Mfg. Corp. |
9.1%
|
| 5 | Junsei Chemical Co.,Ltd. |
9.1%
|
| 6 | Kishida Chemical Co.,Ltd. |
9.1%
|
| 7 | nacalai |
9.1%
|
| 8 | NEW ALLIANCE FINE CHEM PVT. LTD. |
4.5%
|
| 9 | Pharmaffiliates |
4.5%
|
| 10 | Celtic Chemicals Ltd |
4.5%
|
Derivation Method
The ranking is calculated based on the click share within the calcium oxalate page as of December 2024. Click share is defined as the total number of clicks for all companies during the period divided by the number of clicks for each company.Number of Employees
Newly Established Company
Company with a History
*Including some distributors, etc.
*Including some distributors, etc.
| Country | Number of Companies | Share (%) |
|---|---|---|
|
United States of America
|
4 | 28.6% |
|
Japan
|
4 | 28.6% |
|
India
|
4 | 28.6% |
|
China
|
1 | 7.1% |
|
United Kingdom
|
1 | 7.1% |
