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This section provides an overview for glyoxylate as well as their applications and principles. Also, please take a look at the list of 5 glyoxylate manufacturers and their company rankings. Here are the top-ranked glyoxylate companies as of December, 2024: 1.MilliporeSigma, 2.nacalai, 3.Glentham Life Sciences Limited.
Table of Contents
Glyoxylate is a carboxylic acid with the molecular formula C2H2O3.
Its IUPAC nomenclature is oxoethanoic acid, and its CAS number is 298-12-4.
It has a molecular weight of 74.04, a melting point of -93°C, a boiling point of 111°C, and is a colorless, odorless solid at room temperature.
Glyoxylate has uses as a pharmaceutical and fragrance ingredient. In food additives and cosmetics, it is often used as a pH adjuster.
It is also a substance used as a reagent in the Hopkins-Cole reaction, a tryptophan-detecting reaction in biochemistry. In some plants and fungi, it is used in a metabolic pathway called the glyoxylate circuit to combine with acetyl CoA to synthesize malic acid.
An application that has been gaining attention in recent years is the treatment effect of glyoxylate on hair. By attaching a treatment solution with glyoxylate as its main ingredient to the hair and applying heat, it is said that the dryness and distortion of the hair can be suppressed.
The aldehyde group of glyoxylate is generally in a structure in which the hydrate is actually hydrated or the hydrate further forms a dimer. Note that when isolated, the hydrogen atom of the carboxyl group forms a cyclic hydrogen bond with the oxygen atom of the aldehyde group.
Glyoxylate is a substance that exhibits acidity about 10 times stronger than that of acetic acid. It is also disproportionate in the presence of a base to produce glycolic acid and hydroxyl acid. It is nonflammable, but when heated, it is unstable and decomposes on heating, producing formic aldehyde.
Glyoxylate is sold primarily as an R&D reagent and as a chemical in the chemical industry. In R&D reagents, glyoxylic acid is available as monohydrate or 50% aqueous solution.
Monohydrate is available in 10 g, 25 g, 10 g, 500 g, and other types of volumes. It is available in packaging such as polyethylene bottles that are easy to handle in the laboratory. It can be stored at room temperature, but is sometimes treated as a reagent requiring storage at 25°C or lower.
As a chemical for the chemical industry, it is sold mainly as a 50% aqueous solution. To meet the needs of factories, etc., these chemicals are available in large capacities, such as 25 kg, and in packaging such as polyethylene cans.
Glyoxylate can be synthesized by electrolysis of oxalic acid with lead dioxide. Ozone oxidation of maleic acid is also considered an effective method.
Glyoxylate is a compound used in the synthesis of various useful chemicals because of its electrophilic substitution reaction with phenols.
The addition of glyoxylate to guaiacol, followed by oxidation and decarboxylation, is also used in the synthesis of vanillin. Vanillin is the main substance responsible for the aroma of vanilla.
Glyoxylate is an intermediate in the metabolism of ethylene glycol to oxalic acid in humans.
*Including some distributors, etc.
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Alfa Chemistry, founded in the year 2015 is based in New York, USA as a biotechnology company and manufacturer of graphene materials. Their product portfolio includes graphene oxide, CVD graphene film, graphene modification services, graphene series, graphene-like material, carbon nanomaterials, quantum dots, upcoming nanoparticles, and graphene transfer services. The company also provides services in custom manufacturing, and graphene analysis with quality assurance. The products are used in various industries which include energy, digital electronics, environment, textile, coating, and biomedical science.
Merck, started in 1668 and based in Darmstadt, Germany, is a supplier of solutions and services for research, development, and manufacture of pharmaceutical and biotechnological drug therapies. The company serves the life science industry and has a broad portfolio of 300,000 products, including biopharmaceutical manufacturing, industrial microbiology, reagent, life science research, and water purification products. It is available in 66 countries, brings together six brands, and has several ISO certifications, including ISO 13485, ISO 14001, ISO 13485, and ISO 50001.
Millipore Sigma, formerly known as Sigma-Aldrich, was created in 175 through the merger of Sigma Chemical Company and Aldrich Chemical company and today is a subsidiary of Merck. Millipore Sigma is a life science and biotechnology company serving the industry with several products and services. Some of their product categories include peptide synthesis materials, biochemicals, building blocks, catalysts, chemical biology, chemical synthesis, flavors & fragrances, formulation, lab chemicals, lab safety, APIs, and stable isotopes. Services include characterization, contract manufacturing, custom products, software, support, testing, and mRNA development & manufacturing.
Nacalai Tesque Inc., founded in 1846 and headquartered in Kyoto, Japan, is a manufacturer of research chemicals, fine chemicals, diagnostics, and the related instruments. Some of its products include cytokines, nucleic acid electrophoresis, cell dissociation reagents, and sialic acid-related products, and it also offers custom and bulk service for bulk reagents and cell culture media. The company has more than 50 domestic distributors and several worldwide, including Asia, the Middle East, Oceania, Europe, and Africa. It is ISO 9001 and ISO 9002 certified, while the Kyoto South brand and Tesque factory are ISO 14001 certified.
Glentham Life Sciences is based in Corsham, United Kingdom. Glentham Life Sciences is a leading supplier of fine chemicals, raw materials, reagents, and life science products. Glenthem also offers a number of services including custom packaging, call-off orders, and safety documentation. Glentham’s product offerings include chemicals such as amino acids, antibiotics, APIs, biochemicals, buffers, carbohydrates, chitin, chitosan, detergents, dyes, stains, enzymes, inorganic, peptide reagents, phytochemical, raw materials, solvents, steroids, and vitamins among others.
Ranking as of December 2024
Derivation Method| Rank | Company | Click Share |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | MilliporeSigma |
33.3%
|
| 2 | nacalai |
33.3%
|
| 3 | Glentham Life Sciences Limited |
16.7%
|
| 4 | Merck |
16.7%
|
Derivation Method
The ranking is calculated based on the click share within the glyoxylate page as of December 2024. Click share is defined as the total number of clicks for all companies during the period divided by the number of clicks for each company.Number of Employees
Newly Established Company
Company with a History
*Including some distributors, etc.
| Country | Number of Companies | Share (%) |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 33.3% |
|
Japan
|
1 | 33.3% |
|
United Kingdom
|
1 | 33.3% |
